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Progress in Chemistry 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (10): 1712-1719 DOI: 10.7536/PC140547 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

The Application of Micro/Nanomotor in Biosensing

Yu Xiaoping, Wu Jie*, Ju Huangxian   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2010CB732405), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21105046), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20110091120012), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2011552)

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Micro/nanomotors are newly developed micro/nanoscale autonomous materials, and have been gradually applied in many fields such as bioanalysis and drug delivery owing to the advantages of simple preparation and mass production. By template-based electrodeposition and mechanical etching, micro/nanomotors in different shapes and compositions have been prepared. The most developed micro/nanomotors are asymmetric nanowire and microsphere and conical tube based motors. The motor based micro/nano biosensors can be prepared easily by functionalizing the motors with specific bioreceptors. Due to the complexity of the biological sample composition, traditional detection methods are often time-consuming and complicated because of multi cleaning and separation steps. However, benefiting from the unique property of autonomic movement, the motor based micro/nano biosensors can recognize, isolate and enrich target biomolecules from untreated sample solutions autonomously, hence realize the rapid, sensitive and in situ detection of target biomolecules such as DNA, protein, cell and so on. Generally, the micro/nanomotors can be propelled by chemical and field energies, for example, chemical reactions, magnetic field and ultrasound. In this review, we briefly introduce the motion mechanism of different micro/nanomotors, summarize the recent advances of micro/nanomotor-based biosensing applications in protein, DNA and cell detection and drug delivery, and prospect the future development of artificial micro/nanomotors.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 The mechanism of micro/nanomotors
2.1 Chemically powered micro/nanomotors
2.2 Magnetically and ultrasound propelled micro/nanomotors
3 The application of micro/nanomotor in biosensing
3.1 Micro/nanomotors for isolation and detection of protein
3.2 Micro/nanomotors for isolation and detection of DNA
3.3 Micro/nanomotors for isolation and enrichment of bacterial and cancer cells
3.4 Micro/nanomotors for immunoassay
3.5 Micro/nanomotors for drug delivery
4 Conclusions and outlook

Key words: micro/nanomotors, microsensor, biosensing, autonomous movement, fast analysis, in situ testing

CLC Number: 

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