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Progress in Chemistry 2021, Vol. 33 Issue (12): 2309-2315 DOI: 10.7536/PC201129 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Design and Applications of Fluorogenic Nucleic Acid-Based Paper Biosensors

Shuang Yang1,2, Xianpeng Yang2, Baojun Wang3,4,5, Lei Wang2()   

  1. 1 College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province (KLaCER), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
    3 College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
    4 Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
    5 School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, United Kingdom
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Lei Wang
  • Supported by:
    the Institutional Fund from the Westlake University(103256021901)
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In recent years, paper-based biosensors have attracted increasing attention due to their low cost, ease of operation and disposal, biodegradability and low consumption of analytes. Among them, the paper-based fluorescent biosensors with functional nucleic acids as the recognition elements are of particular attraction. Their high sensitivity, instant response and real-time detection capabilities endow them with great potentials for applications in portable sensor devices. In addition, the paper-based cell-free protein synthesis platform, using nucleic acid as the recognition elements, can achieve specific detection of viruses, heavy metals and other targets by expressing the fluorescent proteins as the output reporter, which has good application prospects. Here we introduce the design of these fluorogenic nucleic acid-based paper biosensors, focusing on the integration methods of nucleic acid-based recognition elements and paper-based substrates. We also discuss the latest progress of their applications in different fields including clinical diagnosis, food contaminant detection and environmental pollutant detection as well as their advantages and limitations. Finally, the prospects and development directions of fluorogenic nucleic acid-based paper biosensors are presented, providing reference for research in related fields.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Design

2.1 Physical adsorption

2.2 Covalent coupling

2.3 Entrapment immobilization

3 Applications

3.1 Clinical diagnosis

3.2 Food safety detection

3.3 Environmental pollutant detection

4 Conclusions and outlook

Key words: nucleic acids, functional nucleic acids, paper-based materials, fluorescent response, biosensing
Fig.1 Approaches of integrating paper-based materials with nucleic acid-based recognition elements: (a) Physical adsorption, (b) Covalent coupling, (c) Gel entrapment, (d) Freeze-drying entrapment
Fig.2 Workflow for the analysis of microbiome samples using the toehold switch paper-based detection platform[61]
Fig.3 (a) Schematic illustration of the turn-on sensor based on MWCNT and 6-FAM functionalized aptamer; (b) Schematic showing the design of the paper-based microfluidic device for norovirus detection using norovirus aptamer functionalized MWCNT; (c) The picture of the paper-based microfluidic device[53]
Fig.4 Schematic showing the paper-based aptasensor combined with the FRET process for Pb2+ detection[71]
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