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Progress in Chemistry 2022, Vol. 34 Issue (11): 2476-2488 DOI: 10.7536/PC220321 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Construction and Application of Photoresponsive Janus Particles

Mingxin Zheng, Zhenzhi Tan, Jinying Yuan()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Jinying Yuan
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071131); National Natural Science Foundation of China(21871162)
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Janus particles are usually composed of parts with two or more different physical or chemical properties, and are characterized by structural asymmetry, which leads to asymmetries in particle morphology and physical properties. Compared with static Janus particles, dynamic Janus particles, which can realize stimuli-response, can interact with the environment well to express their special role in a specific environment under external stimulus. Photoresponsive Janus particles are asymmetric particles that can respond to specific light stimuli. Different materials on both sides of Janus particles can not only compound with different types of photoresponse, but also can compound with other types of stimuli-responses, to achieve precise regulation of specific systems. Because the energy of light can be easily regulated, photoresponsive Janus particles can produce specific reactions to inorganic nanoclusters or organic functional groups. So photoresponsive Janus particles can present photothermal effect, color adjustment, photodynamic therapy and other unique properties. They can also be applicated in drug delivery, biological sensing and imaging, micro nanomotors and photoluminescence, which provides a new way to solve problems in the field of biomedicine and optical devices. In this paper, the recent development of preparation methods of inorganic and polymeric photoresponsive Janus particles are introduced, and their unique regulatory mechanism and outstanding applications in the fields of biomedicine and luminescent materials are emphasized. Finally, the challenges and development prospects in this field are discussed.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Preparation of photoresponsive Janus particles

2.1 Preparation of inorganic photoresponsive Janus particles

2.2 Preparation of polymeric photoresponsive Janus particles

2.3 Preparation of hybrid photoresponsive Janus particles

3 Regulation of photoresponsive Janus particles

3.1 Structure regulation

3.2 Performance regulation

3.3 Other regulation

4 Application of photoresponsive Janus particles

4.1 Drug delivery

4.2 Biosensing and imaging

4.3 Micro/nano-motor

4.4 Photoluminescence

5 Conclusion and outlook

Fig. 1 (a) Self-assembly of crosslinking amphiphilic block copolymer to form Janus particles. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society[33]. (b) Triblock[34] and (c) two diblock amphiphilic copolymers to form Janus particles[35]. Copyright 2016, Wiley-VCH. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society
Fig.2 (a)Synthesis of photodeformed Janus particles based on PAZO-ADMA. (b)-(d) Direction and degree of photodeformation of Janus particles under different optical polarization[44]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society
Fig.3 Morphology of PMAAz photodeformed Janus particles under (a) ultraviolet light and (b) visible light. (c) Composition of the PMAAz Janus particles in each segment. (d) UV-visible deformation mechanism of PMAAz Janus particles[47]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society
Fig.4 The B-L structure Janus particles can reflect different wavelengths of light due to their asymmetric structure. (a) B-L Janus particle synthesis route. (b) SEM micrograph of B-L layer. (c), (d) Different color patterns of B-L Janus particles with different PEO-b-PCL contents[54]. Copyright 2021, Wiley-VCH
Fig.5 Mechanism and morphology of FA-PEG-MNS Janus particles in cancer therapy[62]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society
Fig.6 Cancer therapeutic mechanisms of UCNPs and PCN-224(Fe) core-shell-shell Janus particles[67]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society
Fig.7 (a~c) The preparation process, action mechanism and particle morphology of MPCM-JMSNM[75]. Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH. (d~f) The structure and cancer cell killing mechanism of Au Janus particle doped with Gd(Ⅲ)[76]. Copyright 2021, Wiley-VCH
Fig.8 Preparation route of Au-WO3@C Janus particle and catalytic decomposition mechanism of dyes[79]. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society
Fig.9 (a,b) Ag2S-ZnS photoluminescent Janus particles[85]. Copyright 2011, Wiley-VCH. (c~e) Preparation and morphology of CsPbBr3 photoluminescent Janus particles stabilized by Cap-like SiO2[87]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society.
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