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化学进展 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (2/3): 269-283 DOI: 10.7536/PC150904 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

双阳离子液体的合成、性能及应用

杨许召1,2*, 王军2, 方云1*   

  1. 1. 江南大学化学与材料工程学院 食品胶体与生物技术教育部重点实验室 无锡 214122;
    2. 郑州轻工业学院材料与化学工程学院 河南省表界面科学重点实验室 郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-01 修回日期:2015-10-01 出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 杨许召, 方云 E-mail:yangxz@zzuli.edu.cn;yunfang@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.21176228),河南省科技攻关项目(No.132102210188),河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目(No.2013GGJS-108),郑州市科技攻关项目(No.141PQYJS555)和江南大学食品胶体与生物技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(No.JDSJ2013-01)资助
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Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Dicationic Ionic Liquids

Yang Xuzhao1,2*, Wang Jun2, Fang Yun1*   

  1. 1. The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
    2. Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
  • Received:2015-09-01 Revised:2015-10-01 Online:2016-03-15 Published:2016-01-07
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21176228), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Henan Province (No. 132102210188), the Foundation for University Key Teacher of Henan Province (No. 2013GGJS-108), the Science and Technology Research Project of Zhengzhou City (No.141PQYJS555), and the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University (No. JDSJ2013-01).
双阳离子液体(DILs)是一类新型离子液体,其结构中包括一个双阳离子和两个单的阴离子,两个阳离子之间通过联接基进行连接。此类离子液体因其具有高的热和化学稳定性、优良的可设计性、高热容等特点而备受关注,并广泛应用于高温有机反应、气相色谱固定相、染料敏化太阳能电池、分离过程和高温润滑油。本文简述了近年来双阳离子液体的研究进展,归纳了不同类型DILs的合成,包括:对称DILs的合成和非对称DILs的合成;并对此类离子液体的性能进行了总结,如物化性能、表界面性能、毒性及生物降解性等;介绍了DILs的结构与分子动力学;概括了DILs在有机合成、材料制备、电化学领域的应用;最后对DILs的应用前景与发展趋势进行了展望。
关键词： 双阳离子液体, 合成, 性能, 应用
Dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) are a fascinating class of novel ionic liquids consisting of two cationic moieties combined with a spacer and two anionic moieties. DILs have recently received more and more attention because of their unique and interesting advantages compared with traditional monocationic ionic liquids while maintaining the same desirable solvation properties, such as higher thermal and chemical stability, excellent structural tunability, superior heat capacity and so on. Given the tunability of DILs, they are more suitable for use in a plethora of science and engineering applications, such as high-temperature organic synthesis, chromatography stationary phases, stable quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell, separation process, and novel high-temperature lubricant. The recent research progresses of DILs are systematicly reviewed in this paper. General methods for synthesis of various types of DILs, including symmertrical and asymmertrical DILs, are summarized. Properties of DILs in terms of melting point, density, viscosity, heat capacity, thermal stability, surface and interfacial properties, toxicity and biodegradability are respectively described in detail. The structures and molecular dynamics of DILs are introduced in brief. The applications of DILs in organic synthesis, material preparation and electrochemical field are briefly overviewed. In addition, the application prospect and development trend of DILs are finally prospected.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis of DILs
2.1 Synthesis of symmertrical DILs
2.2 Synthesis of asymmertrical DILs
3 Properties of DILs
3.1 Physicochemical properties
3.2 Surface & interfacial properties
3.3 Toxicity and biodegradability
4 Structures and molecular dynamics of DILs
4.1 Structures
4.2 Molecular dynamics
5 Applications of DILs
5.1 Organic synthesis
5.2 Material preparation
5.3 Electrochemical field
6 Conclusion

Key words: dicationic ionic liquids, synthesis, properties, applications

中图分类号: 

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