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化学进展 2018, Vol. 30 Issue (9): 1349-1363 DOI: 10.7536/PC180125 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述 •

石墨烯-聚苯胺类超级电容器复合电极材料

鲍长远, 韩家军*, 程瑾宁, 张瑞涛   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学(威海)应用化学系 威海 264209
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-26 修回日期:2018-03-12 出版日期:2018-09-15 发布日期:2018-05-16
  • 通讯作者: 韩家军 E-mail:hanjiajunhitweihai@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家国际科技合作项目（No.SQ2012ZOC600002）资助
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Electrode Materials Blended with Graphene/Polyaniline for Supercapacitor

Changyuan Bao, Jiajun Han*, Jinning Cheng, Ruitao Zhang   

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
  • Received:2018-01-26 Revised:2018-03-12 Online:2018-09-15 Published:2018-05-16
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China (No.SQ2012ZOC600002).
聚苯胺理论比容量高、易合成，是一种理想的电极材料，但其循环寿命差，而石墨烯具有高的理论比表面积，将二者复合，充分利用两者之间的协同效应，能够使复合材料具有优异的电化学电容性能。本文回顾了近几年石墨烯-聚苯胺纳米复合材料在超级电容器中的最新研究结果及其制备方法，并对如何优化电极的结构与性能进行讨论，同时介绍了石墨烯-聚苯胺类电极材料在有机超级电容器中的应用进展，最后对石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料的前景进行了展望。超级电容器用石墨烯-聚苯胺纳米复合材料的发展取决于其合理的微观结构设计，构建理想的三维多孔结构以避免聚苯胺的膨胀与收缩现象是研究的方向之一，此外，在改善石墨烯和聚苯胺间弱的界面相互作用的同时寻求石墨烯性能与功能化的平衡仍是难点，机械性能优异的聚苯胺纳米复合材料对于柔性全固态超级电容器的研究也会起到关键作用。
关键词： 石墨烯, 聚苯胺, 纳米结构, 复合材料, 比电容, 超级电容器
Graphene/polyaniline nanocomposites have attracted tremendous attention of the researchers because of their significant potential in the energy storage filed, especially supercapacitors. Polyaniline(PANI)is one of ideal electrode materials, due to high theoretical specific capacity and facile synthesis. However, its drawback is poor cycling life. Graphene(GN)possesses a high theoretical specific surface area and composites of polyaniline with graphene derivatives are used to acquire excellent electrochemical capacitive properties on account of the synergistic effect between the two components. In this feature article, new research results and important advances over the past few years on the synthesis of graphene-polyaniline based nanocomposite for electrochemical supercapacitors are reviewed. And we discuss how to improve the structure and performance of electrodes. In the meantime, the application of electrode materials blended with graphene-polyaniline for organic supercapacitors is introduced. Eventually, the application prospects of graphene-polyaniline nanocomposites are briefly described. The progress of graphene/polyaniline nanocomposites in the fields of supercapacitor depends on the appropriate microstructure design of the composites. The construction of an ideal 3D porous structure is one of research interests which is used to avoid the expansion and contraction of polyaniline. Furthermore, it is still difficult to find the balance between the performance and functionalization of graphene while improving the weak interfacial interaction between graphene and polyaniline. PANI-based nanocomposites with excellent mechanical properties can also play a vital role in the study of flexible quasi-solid-state supercapacitors.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of graphene/polyaniline nanocomposites
2.1 In-situ chemical oxidative polymerization
2.2 Electro-polymerization
2.3 Interfacial polymerization
2.4 Solution mixing
2.5 LBL self-assembled
3 Structural optimization of graphene/polyaniline nanocomposites
3.1 Microstructure control of polyaniline
3.2 Composite film
3.3 3D hierarchical structure
4 Application of graphene-polyaniline nanocomposites for organic supercapacitors
5 Conclusion and outlook
Key words: graphene, polyaniline, nanostructure, composites, specific capacitance, supercapacitor

中图分类号: 

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