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化学进展 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (8): 1148-1155 DOI: 10.7536/PC160335 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

锂硫电池用多孔碳/硫复合正极材料的研究

张松涛1, 郑明波2*, 曹洁明1, 庞欢2*   

  1. 1. 南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院 南京 210016;
    2. 扬州大学化学化工学院 扬州 225002
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-01 修回日期:2016-04-01 出版日期:2016-08-15 发布日期:2016-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 郑明波, 庞欢 E-mail:mbzheng@yzu.edu.cn;huanpangchem@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（No.51202106）和江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助
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Porous Carbon/Sulfur Composite Cathode Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Zhang Songtao1, Zheng Mingbo2*, Cao Jieming1, Pang Huan2*   

  1. 1. College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;
    2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
  • Received:2016-03-01 Revised:2016-04-01 Online:2016-08-15 Published:2016-05-26
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51202106) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
锂硫电池具有高的理论比容量和理论能量密度，被认为是当前最有前景的二次电池体系之一。现阶段锂硫电池的研究工作主要集中于高性能硫正极材料的设计与合成。具有优良的导电性、良好的结构稳定性和多孔结构的纳米碳材料，比如活性碳、介孔碳、超小微孔碳、多级结构多孔碳、空心碳球和空心碳纤维，充分满足了锂硫电池正极材料对碳基体的要求。本文综述了近年来多孔碳/硫复合材料作为硫正极的研究进展。总结了以具有不同结构特征的多孔碳基体负载硫组装的锂硫电池的电化学性能，并分析了不同多孔结构对性能的影响。最后在此基础上，从多孔碳/硫复合正极材料的设计和合成的角度，展望了其未来的发展趋势。
关键词： 锂硫电池, 正极材料, 复合材料, 多孔碳, 多孔结构, 材料合成
Advanced rechargeable batteries with high energy densities may soon power portable electronic devices and electric vehicles in the future. Among all candidates, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered one of the most promising next-generation secondary batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity and theoretical energy density. At present, the research and development of Li-S batteries mainly focus on the design and synthesis of high performance sulfur cathode materials. Porous carbon materials with good electronic conductivity, high structural stability, and well-developed porous structure, such as the activated carbon, mesoporous carbon, ultra-microporous carbon, hierarchical porous carbon, hollow carbon sphere, and hollow carbon fiber, have been proved to be the effective carbon matrix materials for sulfur cathodes. This article presents the recent developments of the porous carbon/sulfur composite materials for Li-S battery cathodes. The electrochemical performances of the porous carbons with tailored pore structure characteristics for the impregnation of sulfur are summarized. Furthermore, the impacts of various porous structures on the Li-S battery performances have been discussed. Accordingly, the future developments of Li-S battery platforms are discussed from the perspectives of the advanced engineering and synthesis of porous carbon/sulfur composite cathode materials.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Porous carbon/sulfur composite cathode materials
2.1 Activated carbon/sulfur composites
2.2 Mesoporous carbon/sulfur composites
2.3 Ultra-microporous carbon/sulfur composites
2.4 Hierarchical porous carbon/sulfur composites
2.5 Hollow carbon sphere/sulfur composites
2.6 Hollow carbon fiber/sulfur composites
3 Conclusion

Key words: lithium-sulfur batteries, cathode materials, composite materials, porous carbons, porous structures, material synthesis

中图分类号: 

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