Along with market competition intensifying, accurately customizing the chemicals that meet the product demand has become the new trend of chemical engineering research. Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is an effective technology to store the intermittent electric power generated by large-scale renewable energy. To achieve high electricity-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency, efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essentially required. Electrode catalytic materials for water electrolysis have complicated chemical composition and multi-level structure, of which the chemical-physical properties and morphology structure are the main factors that determine the performance of electrolysis of water. In this paper, combining the research works on water electrolysis catalysts of our group, the recent advancements in the area of HER and OER catalysts with emphasis on catalyst design and engineering are reviewed. The catalyst design theories based on reaction mechanism of electrolytic water, catalyst design methodology (including nanoarchitecture, crystal face regulation, support combination, phase adjustment, heteroatom doping, alloying and surface modification) and their applications based on catalytic performance have been introduced in the light of product requirements. According to the development and requirement of chemical product engineering, the key scientific problems and development direction of the catalyst design and product engineering from molecular level to micro-nano structure scale as well as product synthesis and application are further provided.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Reaction mechanism-oriented catalyst design theory
2.1 Reaction mechanism of electrolytic water
2.2 Reaction mechanism and catalyst design strategy of hydrogen evolution
2.3 Reaction mechanism and catalyst design strategy of oxygen evolution
3 Performance-oriented catalyst design methodology and application
3.1 Design principles of electrocatalyst
3.2 Design strategy based on geometric factor
3.3 Design strategy based on energy factor
4 Industrialization-oriented electrode construction design
4.1 Energy consumption of industrial water electrolysis
4.2 Technical requirements and construction design of industrial electrode
5 Conclusion and outlook

As an intermediate, natural flavor nano-microcapsule has been applied in many fields including food, cosmetic and textile because of controlled release and protecting active ingredient. Functionalizing nano-microcapsule with uniform size and controllable structure has received more and more attention. However, structures and properties of nano-microcapsule are always uncontrollable, which limits its further applications in high-tech areas. Natural flavor nano-microcapsule is structured products, its performance not only depends on proportion and composition, but microstructure and mesoscopic structures also play an important role in products. Under the guidance of the concept of chemical product engineering, in order to meet customers and market demand, our group focus on investigating the interaction between core material and wall material on the molecular scale, building the relationship between structure and properties of natural flavor nano-microcapsule, and precisely producing chemicals using multi-wall materials, micro-fluidic and process analysis technology. In this paper, application progresses of natural flavor nano-microcapsule in different areas have been reviewed. Furthermore, natural flavor nano-microcapsule designed and prepared using the chemical product engineering method are focused on. Finally, challenges in research and the perspective on the future directions of these disciplines are briefly discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Development of natural flavor nano-microcapsule under the concept of chemical product engineering
2.1 Application of natural flavor nano-microcapsule
2.2 Design of natural flavor nano-microcapsule
2.3 Preparation of natural flavor nano-microcapsule
3 Research strategy of natural flavor nano-microcapsule product
4 Conclusion

For particle materials fabricated by droplet-template syntheses, the efficient fabrication and function enhancement can be realized by rational control of the interfacial meso-scale structures of droplets and particles. Study on the relationship between the interfacial meso-scale structures of droplets and particles and the reaction-diffusion processes, and the investigation of the interconnection between reaction and diffusion, are of significant importance for intensification and rational control of the synthesis processes. This review summarizes the recent progress on control of meso-scale structures for droplet-template syntheses of particle materials, mainly focusing on control of droplet morphology and droplet stability via manipulation of the aggregation meso-scale structures of interfacial amphiphilic molecules, and on control of the meso-scale structure of particles via manipulation of mass-transfer and reaction at/across droplet interfaces. This review provides scientific guidelines for the intensification and rational regulation of reaction processes for droplet-template syntheses of particle materials.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Control of droplet morphology via manipulation of the aggregation meso-scale structures of interfacial amphiphilic molecules
3 Effect of aggregation meso-scale structures of interfacial amphiphilic molecules and nanoparticles on the droplet stability
4 Control of meso-scale structures of particles via manipulation of mass-transfer and reaction at/across droplet interfaces
5 Conclusion

With the ultra-high capacity (3860 mAh ·g^-1) and the most negative electrochemical potential (-3.040 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode), lithium metal is regarded as a "Holy Grail" electrode and has received extensive attentions. Therefore, lithium metal based batteries (such as lithium-sulfur and Li-oxygen batteries) are strongly considered as one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation high-energy-density energy storage devices. However, uncontrolled dendritic-lithium growth results in poor cycling efficiency, severe safety concerns, and poor lifespan, which severely prevents the practical applications of Li metal based batteries. This contribution presents a comprehensive overview on the dendrite issues of lithium metal anode. Firstly, the general working principles and technical challenges of lithium metal anode are introduced. Specific attentions are also paid to the mechanistic understandings and quantitative models for the nucleation and growth of dendritic lithium. Based on these theoretical understanding and analysis, the recently proposed methods to suppress dendrite growth of lithium metal anode are summarized. The perspective on the current limitations and future research directions of LMB are presented. The review is with an attempt at summarizing the theoretical and experimental achievements in lithium metal anode and endeavors to realize the practical applications of lithium metal based batteries.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Intrinsic property of Li metal anode
2.1 Thermodynamic nature of Li metal anode
2.2 Role of dendrite growth on Li metal anode
3 Models for dendrite growth
3.1 Surface nucleation and diffusion model
3.2 Heterogeneous nucleation model
3.3 Space charge model
3.4 SEI-induced-growth model
3.5 Sand's time model
4 Strategies to suppress dendrite growth
4.1 Liquid electrolyte modification
4.2 Highly concentrated electrolyte
4.3 Nanostructured electrolyte
4.4 Solid-state electrolyte
4.5 Structured electrolyte
5 Conclusion and outlook

Oil/water separation is a signification field as it has direct practical influence for resolving the problem of industrial oily wastewater and other oil/water pollution. Thus, it is imperative to develop oil/water separation materials. In this article, the basic theory of special wettability and design concept for oil-water separation materials are introduced to understand the physical mechanisms that occur during the oil/water separation process. Then, we summarize the new development of fabricating special wettability materials which are adjusted the surface microstructure and surface chemical composition to satisfy different oil-water separation effect. Moreover, characteristics of special wettability material are revealed from the micro/nano scale, aiming to provide a roadmap and technical base for the oriented design and control of functional material chemicals. Finally, some challenges are discussed and the outlook in this field is proposed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Definition and mechanism of surface special wettability
3 Special wettable oil/water separation material
3.1 Superhydrophobic/superoleophilic materials for oil/water separation
3.2 Superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic materials for oil/water separation
3.3 Superhydrophilic/superoleophobic materials for oil/water separation
3.4 Smart materials with switchable wettability for oil/water separation
3.5 Comprehensive evaluation of special wettable oil/water separation materials
4 Conclusion and outlook

Biomimetic super-wetting materials refer to a kind of materials which are similar to organism interfaces with special wettability in nature. In recent twenty years, a series of biomimetic super-wetting materials have been designed by researchers contributed to massive researches which are imitating organism in nature. These materials are demonstrated to possess applications in numerous application fields such as national defense, military project, aerospace, construction industry, agriculture, medical and marine antifouling. More importantly, plentiful construction mechanisms and systematic principles of biomimetic super-wetting materials have been revealed and presented by researchers which significantly promote the development of them. In this review, basic theories and influence factors of surface wetting phenomena of solid surfaces are introduced firstly. Secondly, several surfaces with different wettability represented by mimicking lotus leaf, fish scale, desert beetles and nepenthes pitcher plant materials are described from the view of biomimic. Furthermore, the bionic design principles, relationship between structure and properties and the current challenges of these materials are summarized. In addition, the recent developments of biomimetic super-wetting materials which are capable of meeting needs in anti-fouling, anti-bacterial, anti-fogging, anti-frosting, anti-icing and oil-water separation, etc. are reviewed. Finally, the prospective tendency of biomimetic super-wetting materials is proposed based on the challenges.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Surface wetting phenomena and influencing factors
3 Different biomimetic super-wetting surfaces and preparation
3.1 Superhydrophobic
3.2 Superhydrophilic
3.3 Amphiphilic
3.4 SLIPS
4 Applications of super-wetting materials
4.1 Anti-fouling and anti-bacterial
4.2 Anti-fogging, anti-frosting and anti-icing
4.3 Oil-water separation
4.4 Others
5 Conclusion

The properties of polymer materials are based on chain microstructures. Combining with the merits of both conventional radical polymerization and living anionic polymerization, controlled/"living" radical polymerizations(CLRPs) represented by RAFT polymerization have been shown to be a powerful tool to finely tune chain microstructures. RAFT emulsion polymerization, as a CLRP process very promisingly used in industry, has received extensive attentions for the past two decades. The current review summarizes the up-to-date status of RAFT emulsion polymerization in terms of colloidal instability, polymerization kinetics, and the controllability over chain microstructures, including molecular weight, PDI and livingness. Some new materials of block and gradient copolymers from the RAFT emulsion polymerization are summarized. In addition, the prospects of RAFT emulsion polymerization in polymeric material synthesis are also highlighted.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Colloidal instability of RAFT emulsion polymerization
3 Controllability of RAFT emulsion polymerization
3.1 Polymerization kinetics
3.2 Molecular weight and PDI
3.3 Livingness and high molecular weight polymer
4 New materials synthesized via RAFT emulsion polymerization
4.1 Block copolymer
4.2 Gradient copolymer
5 Conclusion

Polybenzoxazines are well known to be advanced thermoset resin with many unique properties. More specially, the last decade has witnessed active research on various polybenzoxazines based functional surfaces due to their ability of low surface free energy, which can be lower than the widely regarded low surface energy polymer, Teflon, without having fluorine atoms. Nowadays, researches on polybenzoxazine-based functional surfaces have aroused attention in many fields of applications, such as anticorrosion, anti-ice, anti-sticking, liquid manipulation, oil/water separation, and self-cleaning. It is evident that the performance of polybenzoxazine based composites is determined by the chemical structures and constitution. The relationship between structures and surface properties in composites based on polybenzoxazines plays a vital role in the development of advanced surface materials. Herein, the advances in fabricating and investigating performance of functional surfaces based on polybenzoxazines and their composites is reviewed, focusing on the molecule design and fabricating principals of the surfaces with controllable structure, wettability, adhesion, and other fascinating functionality. Current progress from the research database are also summarized along with challenges in the development of polybenzoxazine based functional surface, in order to provide guidelines for designing and developing of materials based on polybenzoxazines with desired properties.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Fabrication and properties of functional surface based on polybenzoxazine
2.1 Polybenzoxazines chemical structure and surface properties
2.2 Composites' chemical constitution and surface properties
3 Applications of functional surface based on polybenzoxazine
3.1 Anti-corrosion
3.2 Anti-ice
3.3 Anti-sticking
3.4 Liquid manipulation
3.5 Water/oil separation
3.6 Self-cleaning
4 Conclusion

Recent progress in catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane employing O₂ as an oxidant have been reviewed, including the metal complex catalysis, metal nanoparticle catalysis, metal oxide particle catalysis, molecular sieve catalysis, carbon material catalysis, photo-promotion catalysis, polyoxometalates catalysis, metal-organic framework material catalysis and so on. It is pointed out that the research and development of heterogeneous catalytic system by O₂ as an oxidant with high activity and selectivity will be the focus of catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane in the future, especially for the multi-metal composite system, even the multi-element composite system. This paper will not only act as an important reference in the research and development of catalytic system of cyclohexane with high activity and selectivity, and to improve the preparation process of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone in industry, but also act as an important reference in the research and development of catalytic system for other hydrocarbon oxidation and non-hydrocarbon oxidation.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Metal complex catalysis
2.1 Non metalloporphyrin catalysis
2.2 Metalloporphyrin catalysis
3 Metal nanoparticle catalysis
4 Metal oxide particle catalysis
5 Molecular sieve catalysis
6 Carbon material catalysis
7 Photo-promotion catalysis
8 Other catalysis
9 Conclusion