Progress in Chemistry

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Progress on Fluorescent Chemosensors for Anions

Sheng Xu|Bin Liu|He Tian^*

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 687-697.

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Sheng Xu|Bin Liu|He Tian^*. Progress on Fluorescent Chemosensors for Anions[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 687-697.

This review summarizes the progress of the fluorescent chemosensors for anions since 2004.The paper follows a classification of the sensing systems based on anion-chemosensor interactions.It comprises of receptors based on hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions(containing amines,amides,ureas,thioureas,five-member heterocycle groups or others),receptors consisting of metal or lewis acid center and receptors based on chemical reactions.
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Recent Progress in Diarylethene as a Photoswitching Unit

Tao Gong,Jiachun Feng,Wei Wei^**|Wei Huang^**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 698-706.

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Tao Gong,Jiachun Feng,Wei Wei^**|Wei Huang^**. Recent Progress in Diarylethene as a Photoswitching Unit[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 698-706.

Based on summarizing diversified performance of the diarylethene compounds, this review has a closer look of properties that can be photoswitched by using diarylethenes as a photoswitching of fluorescence, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, photoswitching of electrical conductivity, magnetism, liquid crystal and muti-addressable photochromic switches. The effect of the modality of the diarylethene compounds on the property of photoswitching is also introduced. Some future research topics of optical storage materials are discussed.

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Progress in Self-Assembly Properties of Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes

Zhu Liangliang|Teng Qiwen^*|Wu Shi|Xu Lingjia|Chen Xiaoming

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 707-714.

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Zhu Liangliang|Teng Qiwen^*|Wu Shi|Xu Lingjia|Chen Xiaoming. Progress in Self-Assembly Properties of Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 707-714.

Supramolecular complexes system is a novel and charming domin because of its rapid development and widespread applications in different areas. Self-assembly, as a main method of forming supramolecular complexes, is significant to polymeric materials and life science. Hydrogen-bonded complexes are classified according to their multiplicity and associating ways in this artical. The self-assembly properties and research of hydrogen-bonded complexes are comprehensively reviewed. Meanwhile, theoretical studies on hydrogen-bonded complexes of our research group are introduced.

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Advances in Catalytic Function of Fullerene Materials

Xu Han,Shufen Li^**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 715-720.

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Xu Han,Shufen Li^**. Advances in Catalytic Function of Fullerene Materials[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 715-720.

The applications of fullerene materials (including fullerenes and fullerene-based materials) in catalytic reactions, especially in organic reactions, including application in hydrogen transfer and hydrosilylation, pyrolysis of alkanes, H₂-D₂ exchange, coupling and alkyl transfer reaction are reviewed in this paper. Singlet oxygen reaction, non-metal nitrogen-fixation reaction, graphite-diamond phase transition process and high-energy materials combustion processes could be also catalyzed by these new materials. All reactions showed very good catalytic functionality.
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Progress in Biomimicing of Super-Hydrophobic Surface

Zhiguang Guo ^1,2,Weimin Liu ^1**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 721-726.

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Zhiguang Guo ^1,2,Weimin Liu ^1**. Progress in Biomimicing of Super-Hydrophobic Surface[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 721-726.

Biomimic super-hydrophobic surface has been considered as a new research field in mimicing biological systems with chemistry. The super-hydrophobic phenomena of lotus etc. give such model of preparations of biomimic super-hydrophobic surfaces on many substrates. The studies on super-hydrophobic properties and micro-structures of lotus and the research progress in biomimicing of super-hydrophobic surface are reviewed. The author’s opinions with respect to the future development of this research field are proposed.
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Progress in Thermodynamic Properties of the Vapor Rare Earth Complexes with Halogen Bridges

Huani Chen,Yanhui Sun^*

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 727-733.

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Huani Chen,Yanhui Sun^*. Progress in Thermodynamic Properties of the Vapor Rare Earth Complexes with Halogen Bridges[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 727-733.

Thermodynamic properties of the vapor rare earth complexes with halogen bridges LnMnX3n+3(M = Al，Fe；X = Cl，Br) and ALnX4(A = alkali metals；X = Cl，I) are reviewed in this paper. Moreover，the methods to investigating thermodynamic properties and their application in the preparation and separation of rare earth elements are also discussed.The future work on thermodynamic properties of the vapor complexes and their applications are briefly introduced.
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Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Natural Product-Like Libraries

Gang Liu^1*|Yulin Li¹|Fajun Nan^2**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 734-742.

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Gang Liu^1*|Yulin Li¹|Fajun Nan^2**. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Natural Product-Like Libraries[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 734-742.

Natural products provide the most important sources of lead compounds in drug discovery. With the development of high-throughput screening (HTS) technology and in depth studies in chemical biology, exploring pharmaceutically relevant chemical space of natural products is vital. Employing diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) to construct skeletally complex natural product-like libraries and using it in the studies of chemical biology and lead discovery is becoming a tendency. The development of exceptionally efficient, stereoselective, and chemoselective reactions that can be applied to a wide range of substrates play key roles.
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Progress of the Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysts and the Applications in Asymmetric Catalytical Reaction

Shasha Zeng¹|Ruiren Tang^1*|Artem Melman²,Kelong Huang¹

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 743-751.

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Shasha Zeng¹|Ruiren Tang^1*|Artem Melman²,Kelong Huang¹. Progress of the Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysts and the Applications in Asymmetric Catalytical Reaction[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 743-751.

Chiral phase transfer catalysts such as chiral quarternary ammonium salts, chiral crown ethers and their recent advances in the applications in asymmetric catalytic reactions including the alkylation, Michael addition, aldol reaction, Mannich reaction, oxidation and reduction are reviewed in this paper.
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Transition-Metal Catalyzed α-Arylation of Carbonyl Derivatives and Compounds with Acidic Hydrogen

Junfang Gong,Chen Xu,Yangjie Wu^**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 752-760.

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Junfang Gong,Chen Xu,Yangjie Wu^**. Transition-Metal Catalyzed α-Arylation of Carbonyl Derivatives and Compounds with Acidic Hydrogen[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 752-760.

Advances in the transition-metal catalyzed α-arylation of carbonyl derivatives and compounds with acidic hydrogen are reviewed. By using sterically hindered, electron-rich alkylphosphines and N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHC), this process has encompassed a broad range of substrates including ketones, aldehydes, esters, amides, malonates, nitrocompounds, nitriles and sulfones.
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Organocatalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Olefins Catalyzed by Chiral Ketones Derived from Carbohydrates

Chun Wang,Yongjun Gao,Yingqun Zhang,Zhi Wang^**,Jingjun Ma

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 761-767.

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Chun Wang,Yongjun Gao,Yingqun Zhang,Zhi Wang^**,Jingjun Ma. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Olefins Catalyzed by Chiral Ketones Derived from Carbohydrates[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 761-767.

Chiral ketones derived from carbohydrates are powerful catalysts for organocatalytic asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized olefins. Dioxiranes, which could be generated in situ from chiral ketones and potassium peroxomonosulfate (KHSO₅), have been shown to be remarkably promising oxidation reagents for asymmetric epoxidation of cis-olefins, trans-olefins, trisubstituted olefins and terminal olefins. The synthesis method of chiral ketones derived from carbohydrates, the reaction mechanism, the catalytic activity and the asymmetric induction influenced by the structure of chiral ketones and the reaction conditions are reviewed in the paper.
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Recent Progress in pH/Temperature-Responsive Amphiphilic Block Copolymers

Qun Zhao,Peihong Ni^**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 768-779.

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Qun Zhao,Peihong Ni^**. Recent Progress in pH/Temperature-Responsive Amphiphilic Block Copolymers[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 768-779.

The stimuli-responsive amphiphilic block copolymers have drawn much attention due to their various promising potential applications. The pH and temperature responsive block copolymers are considerably important because they are relatively convenient to be synthesized and sensitive to outer stimuli. This review focuses on recent progress in stimuli-responsive and amphiphilic block copolymers containing polymethacrylates, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO)，which are prepared by various controlled/living polymerizations. The pH/temperatureresponsive properties of these copolymers in aqueous solution are also summarized.
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Application of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Chiral Recognition and Analysis

Qin Liu,Shuzhen Zhang,Bidong Wu,Rui Shen,Jianwei Xie^**,Keliang Liu

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 780-788.

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Qin Liu,Shuzhen Zhang,Bidong Wu,Rui Shen,Jianwei Xie^**,Keliang Liu. Application of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Chiral Recognition and Analysis[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 780-788.

In recent years, eletrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has become more and more attractive in chiral analysis due to its advantages such as short analysis time, high sensitivity, simplistity, and small amount of sample. This article reviews the application of eletrospray ionization mass spectrometry in chiral recognition and analysis. Emphasis is put on the different experimental methods and the chiral selectors. The prospect of the application is also discussed.
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Applications of Pre-Column Derivatization for Amino Acids Analysis

Qishu Qu¹,Xiaoqing Tang¹,Xiaoya Hu^1**,Shouchun Li²

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 789-793.

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Qishu Qu¹,Xiaoqing Tang¹,Xiaoya Hu^1**,Shouchun Li². Applications of Pre-Column Derivatization for Amino Acids Analysis[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 789-793.

Chromatographic separation combined with derivatization has been widely used for the analysis of amino acids. In this article, various representative reagents and corresponding derivatization processes are reviewed. The recent applications of derivatization methods for the analysis of amino acids, as well as their pros and cons are comprehensively discussed.
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New Trends in Molecular Design of Hemoproteins

Yingwu Lin,Zhongxian Huang^*

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 794-800.

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Yingwu Lin,Zhongxian Huang^*. New Trends in Molecular Design of Hemoproteins[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 794-800.

This review summarizes the new trends in the molecular design of hemoproteins in the past decade. It includes the combination of amino acids mutation and heme modification, introduction of unnatural prosthetic group, introduction of unnatural amino acids, covalent attachment of the prosthetic group to protein matrix, and de novo design of hemoproteins etc. These developments provide important information and knowledge in understanding the structure-property-reaction-function relationship of metalloproteins and in extending the biochemical, biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications by rationally designed novel metalloproteins.
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Recognition of Aberrant Cell Using Fluorescent Probe

Xuening Fei^1*,Lijuan Liu¹, Baolian Zhang^1,2,Bojie Shi¹,Kangde Yao²

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 801-807.

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Xuening Fei^1*,Lijuan Liu¹, Baolian Zhang^1,2,Bojie Shi¹,Kangde Yao². Recognition of Aberrant Cell Using Fluorescent Probe[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 801-807.

The structure characteristics of aberrant cell, identification marking, fluorescence labeling technologies and methods of cell labeling by fluorescent probe are recommended. The progress of research on labeling of aberrant cell tissue by fluorescent probe or by connecting with biologically active carrier is reviewed. Based on the applications in cell marking of fluorescent probe, the developing trends are described including approaches and methods of increasing the compatibility of fluorescent probe with bodies tissue, the validity for labeling towards the aberrant cell, improving the sensitivity and reducing toxicity of fluorescent probe. The advantage of preparation and purification of probe using solid-phase synthesis technology is prospected.
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Current Research of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate

Rui Guo¹,Yaqi Cai¹,Guibin Jiang^1*,K S Paul Lam²

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 808-813.

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Rui Guo¹,Yaqi Cai¹,Guibin Jiang^1*,K S Paul Lam². Current Research of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 808-813.

Contamination of perfluorooctane sulfonate has become global environmental problem. Scientists in developed country have put much emphasis on the research of PFOS. Recent advances and present problems in the study of PFOS are reviewed, and the developing trend in research of PFOS is also proposed.
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The Synthesis,Characteristic and Application of Erasable LbL Films

Yi Shen,Yan Jiang,Peiyi Wu^**,Yuliang Yang

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 814-822.

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Yi Shen,Yan Jiang,Peiyi Wu^**,Yuliang Yang. The Synthesis,Characteristic and Application of Erasable LbL Films[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 814-822.

Since 2000,erasable layer-by-layer (LbL) films have received much attention for their potential application in the functional delivery system.Several premonitory but significant works in this novel research field are briefly reviewed in this contribution.Two kinds of drawbacks in the above-mentioned systems,namely,“uncontrollable release rate” and “relatively strict condition to release” are summarized.Part of the new work of the authors in this field is also discussed,and the results show that PTAA/PVP films can release mildly and continuously in the neutral aqueous solution.
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Research of Explosion Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Battery

Yuhong Chen¹,Zhiyuan Tang^1**,Xinghe Lu^1,2,Caiyuan Tan¹

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 823-831.

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Yuhong Chen¹,Zhiyuan Tang^1**,Xinghe Lu^1,2,Caiyuan Tan¹. Research of Explosion Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Battery[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 823-831.

One of the obstacles to commercialize high capacity and high power lithium-ion batteries is safety properties. The explosion of battery results from the heat and pressure accumulation by internal component reactions under abuse conditions, such as overheating, overcharge, short-circuit and so on. In this paper, the main heat sources are summarized, such as cathode and anode decomposition, electrolyte decomposition, the reaction between electrolyte and electrodes. The explosion mechanism of lithium-ion battery is analyzed under high temperature heat test, overcharge and short-circuit. The measures to improve battery safety are suggested.
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Progress on the Anode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) and Its Application for Hydrogen Production through High Temperature Steam Electrolysis

Wenqiang Zhang,Bo Yu^*,Ping Zhang,Jing Chen,Jingming Xu

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 832-840.

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Wenqiang Zhang,Bo Yu^*,Ping Zhang,Jing Chen,Jingming Xu. Progress on the Anode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) and Its Application for Hydrogen Production through High Temperature Steam Electrolysis[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 832-840.

The status and progress of the anode materials for SOFC are reviewed in this paper. The prospects, preparation, modification treatment, the relationship between microstructure and the property, the kinetic mechanism as well as the advantage and disadvantage of the currently developed anode materials are elucidated in details. In particular, the potential developments and the application on the cathode of the high temperature steam electrolysis are put forward.

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Thermodynamic Analysis of Mitochondria Working State

Sha Liu,Huixue Liu,Xiaogai Yang,Xiaoda Yang^**

Progress in Chemistry. 2006, 18(06): 841-848.

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Sha Liu,Huixue Liu,Xiaogai Yang,Xiaoda Yang^**. Thermodynamic Analysis of Mitochondria Working State[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2006, 18(06): 841-848.

Mitochondria, the “plant” of energy in cells, recently received great attention for its roles in metabolic diseases, e.g. diabetes and neural degenerative diseases. In this review, we briefly summarize the major recent progress in the biochemical and relevant studies of mitochondria and discuss comprehensively the working mechanisms and regulations of mitochondria, i.e. the chemiosmosis theory. A novel hypothesis of thermodynamic regulation of mitochondria function is proposed based on the reported results.

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