Gemini (or dimeric) surfactants are made up of two identical amphiphilic moieties covalently connected at the level of the headgroups by a spacer group. By this way the separation between the polar headgroups with in gemini surfactants is strongly decreased when they aggregate and thus the surface activity is greatly enhanced. Introduction of gemini surfactants is a break through in concept compared with general tests in enhancing surface activity, for example, addition of salt, increasing temperature or mixing an ionic cationic surfactants. Therefore gemini surfactants were reputed as a new generation of surfactants.

Photoactivated pesticides have many advantages compared with traditional pesticides. They are cheap , effective and environmentally safe. The most important components of photoactivated pesticides are photosensitizers. With the illumination and the presence of oxygen the photo sensitizers acton various biochemical components and cause toxic reaction inpests. The efficiency of photo sensitizers depends on the quantum yield of singlet oxygen which acts on the target substrate and oxidizes it. The resistance may be slow to develop due to the expected multiplicity of biological targets in the cell. The photosensitizer is a catalyst, not a participant and the excess part is photodecomposable. The photoactivated pesticides have great potential in promoting the development of agriculture.

The principle of molecule imprinting technique was introduced and the applications of this technique were reviewed. 91 references were cited.

Four new quantum chemistry calculation methods (computational microscope, localized molecular orbitals, linearscaling semiempirical quantum chemistry and parallel calculation method) which can be applied to study biomacromolecular systems were reviewed in this paper. The perspective of these methods was also discussed.

The advances in ammonia synthesis as is one of the most important industrial heterogeneous catalytic processes are reviewed. The developments of both fused iron catalysts and ruthenium catalysts and the different opinions on catalytic mechanism for ammonia synthesis are discussed.

A brief introduction of the new technical processes for the synthesis of liquid fuels from natural gas, including SMDS, SSPD, SAS, MTG, AGC221, Syntroleum ,Gas Cat processes and the technical developments in China is presented, some suggestions on natural gas utilization in China are proposed.

This review describes the current research advances of organometallic reactions in aqueous media. The reaction mechanism , reagents, stereochemistry,applications in the total synthesis of natural products and industrial production sare discussed.

Nucleoprotein or nucleopeptide is a class of natural macromolecules in which the protein or peptide cores are combined with DNA or RNA at 3′or 5′end by phosphodiester linkages in their side chain. They exhibit broad biological effects including the proliferation of DNA and RNA and the transcription, interaction, deletion, reformation of DNA etc. Nucleopeptides can be synthesized as the fragments of nucleoprotein at binding position and used as a tool for the investigation of the mechanism of biological effects of nucleoproteins. It will open a way to the search for anticancer and antiviral drugs.

The structures of two kinds of polysaccharide i. e. chitin and cellulose are compared, and the possibility for chitin to form liquid crystalline phase is discussed according to its structure and chain rigidity. Some chemical modification methods necessary for preparation of chit in derivatives with liquid crystalline behaviors are briefly summarized. The lyotropic liquid crystalline behaviors of fifteen chitin derivatives and then influence of structure factors are described. Liquid crystalline textures formed in solutions of chitin derivatives, for example fingerprint, alternative polarized field, banded and droplet textures, and thermotropic phase transition of chit in derivatives dichloroacetic acid solution are introduced. Fiber spinning from solutions of chitin and its derivatives including lyotropic liquid crystalline solutions are reviewed.

This paper reviews electrochemical processes and devices that can contribute to acleaner environment. Electrochemical technologies for treatment of waste water and flue gases, electrochemical reduction of carbondioxide, organic electro synthesis, electrodialysis and electrochemical sensors are described, as well as improvement of existing electrochemical processesor products in order to minimize their pollution. Electrochemical power sources and electrically driven vehicles are also discussed.