中文
Earlier issues
Announcement
More
Progress in Chemistry 1999, Vol. 11 Issue (04): 376- Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Advances in the Catalysts and Mechanism for Ammonia Synthesis

Wang Lihua;Chen Shouzheng;Liao Daiwei;Cai Qirui   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Fu jian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and The State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry on Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China"
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Liao Daiwei
PDF ( 3046 ) Cited
Export

EndNote

Ris

BibTeX

The advances in ammonia synthesis as is one of the most important industrial heterogeneous catalytic processes are reviewed. The developments of both fused iron catalysts and ruthenium catalysts and the different opinions on catalytic mechanism for ammonia synthesis are discussed.

Key words: ammonia synthesis, iron catalysts, ruthenium catalysts, catalytic mechanism

CLC Number: 

[1 ] 南京化工研究院译, 合成氨催化剂手册(Hand book of Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis) , 石油化学工业出版社, 北京, 1977, 136- 155.
[2 ] Tamaru K, J. Phys. Chem. , 1968, 75, 1739.
[3 ] Ozaki A , B ull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. , 1971, 44, 3216.
[4 ] 林伟忠(Lin W Z) , 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 现代化工(Modern Chem. Ind. ) , 1994, 14 (7) , 12- 17.
[5 ] 石天宝(Shi T B) , 化工进展(Prog. Chem. Eng. ) , 1993, 6, 46- 51.
[6 ] 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 胡樟能(Hu Z N ) , 李小年(Li X N ) 等, 化工学报(J. Chem. Eng. ) , 1994,45 (4) , 385- 392.
[7 ] 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 胡樟能(Hu Z N ) , 李小年(Li X N ) 等, 工业催化( Ind. Catal. ) , 1994, 2(2) , 19- 26.
[8 ] 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 胡樟能(Hu Z N ) , 李小年(Li X N ) 等, 浙江工学院学报(J. Zhejiang Univ.Technol. ) , 1994, 1, 27- 35.
[9 ] 胡樟能(Hu Z N ) , 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 蒋祖荣(Giang Z R) 等, 浙江化工(Zhejiang Chem. Ind. ) ,1994, 25 (2) , 32- 37.
[10 ] 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 1986, CN 86 108 528.
[11 ] 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 胡樟能(Hu Z N ) , 李小年(Li X N ) 等, 浙江工学院学报(J. Zhejiang Univ.Technol. ) , 1993, 2, 15- 23.
[12 ] 刘化章(Liu H Z) , 李小年(Li X N ) , 中国科学(B 辑) (Sci. China B ) , 1995, 25 (1) , 1- 6.
[13 ] Streltsov O A , Fedun O S, Artyukh Yu N et al. , Tezisy Dokl-Ukr Resp Konf Fiz Khim , 1977, 12,159- 160.
[14 ] Kalenczuk R J. , Catal. Lett. , 1995, 33 (3- 4) , 331- 338.
[15 ] Kalenczuk R J , J. Chem. Tech. Biot. , 1995, 64 (4) , 398- 406.
[16 ] Kalenczuk R J , Appl. Catal. A-Gener. , 1994, 112 (2) , 149- 160.
[17 ] Wang W X, Zhao H Q , Du B S et al. , Appl. Catal. A-Gener, 1995, 122 (1) , 5- 20.
[18 ] Kalenczwk R J , J. Chem. Tech. Biot. , 1994, 59 (1) , 73- 81.
[19 ] Ageeva I V , Kryliva A V , J. Appl. Chem. US S R , 1992, 65 (9) , 1758- 1760.
[20 ] Yastimirskii V K, Ischenko E V , React. Kinet. Catal. Lett. , 1992, 48 (2) , 385- 389.
[21 ] Kalenczuk R J , J. Chem. Tech. Biot. , 1992, 54 (4) , 349- 357.
[22 ] 仰华胃(Yang H W ) , 化肥工业(Fertilizer Ind. ) , 1995, 22 (4) , 26.
[23 ] 王文祥(Wang W X) , 刘照穹(Liu Z Q ) , 张元珍(Zhang Y Z) 等, 化学通报(Chemistry Bull. ) ,1996, 9, 51- 53.
[24 ] 李基涛(Li J T ) , 蔡丽芬(Cai L F) , 化肥与催化(Fertilizerand Catal. ) , 1991, 2, 30.
[25 ] 赵合全(Zhao H Q ) , 王文祥(Wang W X) , 化肥与催化(Fertilizerand Ctal. ) , 1989, 2, 11.
[26 ] 魏可镁(Wei K M ) , 俞秀金(Yu X J ) , 王榕(Wang R ) 等, 工业催化( Ind. Catal. ) , 1995, 3(3) , 14- 20.
[27 ] 许清准(Xu Q Z) , 四川化工(Sichuan Chem. Ind. ) , 1992, 4, 35- 37.
[28 ] 邱国涛(Qiu G T ) , 化肥与催化(Fertilizerand Catal. ) , 1991, 1, 13- 15.
[29 ] 刘望生(Liu W S) , 湖南化工(Hunan Chem. Ind. ) , 1990, 2, 41- 42.
[30 ] Uchida H, Ishikawa K, Suzuki T , Inoue T , Uchida H H, J. Alloys. Comp. , 1995, 222, 153- 159.
[31 ] Wang X K, Shan N F, Han S H, Gu H G, Acta Chim. Sin. , 1994, 52 (6) , 613- 619.
[32 ] Homann K, Kuchlenbeck H, Freund H J , Z. Phys. Chem. : Inter. J. Res. Phys. Chem. & Chem.Phys. , 1997, 198 (1- 2) , 135- 147.
[33 ] Kowalczyk Z, Sentek J , Jodizis S et al. , J. Catal. , 1997, 169 (2) , 407- 414.
[34 ] Kowalczyk Z, Catal. Lett. , 1996, 37 (3- 4) , 173- 179.
[35 ] Pattek janczyk A , Miczko B, Morawski A W , Appl. Catal. A-Gener. , 1996, 141 (1- 2) , 1- 16.
[36 ] Vacini C A , Synthesis of Ammonia, Macmillan, London, 1971, Chap. 5.
[37 ] 余祖熙等编著(eds. Yu Z X et al. ) , 化肥催化剂使用技术(Tech.of Fertilizer Catalyst) , 化学工业出版社(Chemical Industry Press) , 北京(Beijing) , 1988.
[38 ] Waugh K C, Butler D, Hayden B E, Catal. Lett. , 1994, 24 (1- 2) , 197- 210.
[39 ] Fastrup B, Nielson H N , Catal. Lett. , 1992, 14 (2) , 233- 239.
[40 ] Arabczyk W , Narkiewicz U , Moszynski D, Appl. Catal. A-Gener. , 1996, 134 (2) , 661- 668.
[41 ] Murata S, Aika K, Appl. Catal. A-Gener. , 1992, 82 (1) , 1- 12.
[42 ] Aika A , Hori H, Ozaki A , J. Catal. , 1972, 27, 424.
[43 ] Chao K J , Lin L H, Yang M H, Catal. Lett. , 1996, 38, 279- 282.
[44 ] 林治田(Lin Z T ) , 化肥工业译丛(Translated Series of Chem. Ind. ) , 1991, 1, 110.
[45 ] Izumi Y, Hoshikawa M , Aika K, B ull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. , 1994, 67 (12) , 3191- 3200.
[46 ] Kubota J , Aika K, J. Phys. Chem. , 1994, 98 (44) , 11293- 11300.
[47 ] Kadowvaki Y, Aika K, J. Catal, 1996, 161 (1) , 178- 185.
[48 ] Kowalczyk Z, Sectek J , Jodzis S et al. , Carbon, 1996, 34 (3) , 403- 409.
[49 ] Zheng Z H, Aika K, Chem. Comm u. , 1997, 13, 1223- 1224.
[50 ] Kowalczyk Z, Sentek J , Jodzis S, Mizera E et al. , Catal. Lett. , 1997, 45 (1- 2) , 65- 72.
[51 ] Masthan S K, Prasad P S S, Rao K S R, Rao K, Indian. J. Chem. Sect. A-Inorg. Phys. Theo. & Anal. Chem. , 1995, 34 (2) , 146- 147.
[52 ] Masthan S K, Rao K S R, Rao P K, Indian. J. Chem. Sect. A-Inorg. Bio-Inorg , Phys. Theo & Anal. Chem. , 1993, 32 (5) , 383- 386.
[53 ] Fishel C T , Davia R J , Gares J M , J. Catal. , 1996, 163 (1) , 148- 157.
[54 ] Fishel C T , Davia R J , Gares J M , Chem. Commu. , 1996, 5, 649- 650.
[55 ] GucziL , Sundararajan R, Koppany Z, Zsoldos Z, Schay Z, Mizukani. F, Niwa S, J. Catal, 1997. ,167 (2) , 482- 494.
[56 ] Niwa Y, Aika K, J. Catal. , 1996, 162 (1) , 138- 142.
[57 ] Niwa Y, Aika K, Chem. Lett. , 1996, 1, 3- 4.
[58 ] Masthan S K, Indian. J. Chem. Sect. A-Inorg. Bio-Inorg. Phys. Theo. &Anal. Chem. , 1996, 35(1) , 31- 36.
[59 ] Izumi Y, Iwata Y, Aika K, J. Phys. Chem. , 1996, 100 (22) , 9421- 9428.
[60 ] Izumi Y, Aika K, J. Phys. Chem. , 1995, 99 (25) , 10346- 10353.
[61 ] Izumi Y, Aika K, Chem. Lett. , 1995, 2, 137- 138.
[62 ] Masthan S K, Rao K S R, Kaluschnyaya L , Yunusov S M , Shur V B, Volpin M E, Indian . J.Chem. Sect. A -Inorg. Bio. -Inorg. Phys. Theo. &Anal. Chem. , 1994, 33 (9) , 816- 819.
[63 ] Boudart M , Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. , 1981, 23, 1.
[64 ] Fastrup B, J. Catal. , 1997, 168 (2) , 235- 244.
[65 ] Katz G, Kosloff R, J. Chem. Phys. , 1995, 103 (21) , 9475- 9481.
[66 ] Kuchaev V L , Shaptina E N , A vetisov A K, Kinet. Catal. , 1995, 36 (5) , 668- 672.
[67 ] Mckee C S, Appl. Catal. A-Gener. , 1995, 127 (1- 2) , N 4- N 5.
[68 ] Tsai K R, Paper Presentedat the Post Congress Symposiumon Nitrogen Fixation after the 7th ICC,Tokyo, 1980.
[69 ] 朱龙根(Zhu L G) , 戴安邦(Dai A B) , 固氮通讯(Commu. Nitrogen Fixation) , 1981, 1, 12.
[70 ] 黄开辉(Huang K H) , 厦门大学学报(自然科学版) (J. Xiamen Univ. ) , 1978, 3, 130.
[71 ] Huang K H,in New Horizonsin Catalysis (eds. Seiyama T , Tanabe K) , Kodansha-Elsevier, Tokyo Amsterdam , 1981.
[72 ] Wei T C, Phillips J , Adv. Catal. , 1996, 41, 359- 421.
[73 ] 廖代伟(Liao D W ) , 王仲权(Wang Z Q ) , 张鸿斌(Zhang H B) , 蔡启瑞(CaiQ R) , Scientia Sinica(Science in China B ) , 1987, 30 (3) , 246- 255.
[74 ] 廖代伟(Liao D W ) , 林种玉(Lin Z Y) , 蔡启瑞(CaiQ R) , 厦门大学学报(自然科学版) (J. Xiamen Univ. ) , 1996, 35 (5) , 734- 738.
[75 ] Chen H B, Liao Y Y, Zhang H B, Tsai K R, Chin. Chem. Lett. , 1993, 4 (5) , 457.
[76 ] Zhang H B, Schrader G L , J. Catal. , 1986, 99, 461- 471.
[77 ] Liao D W , J. Mol. Struc. , 1985, 121, 101- 107.
[78 ] 黑美军(Hei M J ) , 陈鸿博(Chen H B) , 林贻基(Lin Y J ) 等, 厦门大学学报(自然科学版) (J.Xiamen Univ. ) , 1997, 6, 879- 885.
[1] Zitong Zhao, Zhenzhen Zhang, Zhihong Liang. The Activity Origin, Catalytic Mechanism and Future Application of Peptide-Based Artificial Hydrolase [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2022, 34(11): 2386-2404.
[2] Ming Ge, Zheng Hu, Quanbao He. Application of Spinel Ferrite-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes in Organic Wastewater Treatment [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(9): 1648-1664.
[3] Yuan Su, Keming Ji, Jiayao Xun, Liang Zhao, Kan Zhang, Ping Liu. Catalysts for Catalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde and Reaction Mechanism [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(9): 1560-1570.
[4] Xiaolu Liu, Yuxiao Geng, Ran Hao, Yuping Liu, Zhongyong Yuan, Wei Li. Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction under Ambient Condition: Current Status, Challenges, and Perspectives [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(7): 1074-1091.
[5] Fenya Guo, Hongwei Li, Mengzhe Zhou, Zhengqi Xu, Yueqing Zheng, Tingting Li. Electroreduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia Catalyzed by Non-Noble Metal Catalysts under Ambient Conditions [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(1): 33-45.
[6] Ping Yang, Minjie Liu, Hao Zhang, Wenting Guo, Chaoyang Lv, Di Liu. Reductive Amination of Nitroarenes and Alcohols: Catalyst and Catalytic Mechanism [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(1): 72-83.
[7] Zhengying Wu, Xie Liu, Jinsong Liu, Shouqing Liu, Zhenlong Zha, Zhigang Chen. Molybdenum Disulfide Based Composites and Their Photocatalytic Degradation and Hydrogen Evolution Properties [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(8): 1086-1102.
[8] Wenjun Zhao, Jiangzhou Qin, Zhifan Yin, Xia Hu, Baojun Liu. 2D MXenes for Photocatalysis* [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(12): 1729-1736.
[9] Jiwei Lv, Xianquan Ao*, Qianlin Chen, Yan Xie, Yang Cao, Jifang Zhang. Disposable Catalysts for Coal Gasification [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2018, 30(9): 1455-1462.
[10] Yao Xiao, Wenjuan Hu, Yanbiao Ren, Xu Kang, Jian Liu. Bioinspired Photo/Electrocatalytic N2 Fixation [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2018, 30(4): 325-337.
[11] Niu Fanfan, Nie Changjun, Chen Yong, Sun Xiaoling. Asymmetric Catalytic Epoxidation of Unfunctionalized Olefins [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2014, 26(12): 1942-1961.
[12] Yin Qiaoqiao, Qiao Ru, Tong Guoxiu. Preparation and Photocatalytic Application of Ion-Doped ZnO Functional Nanomaterials [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2014, 26(10): 1619-1632.
[13] Xie Yingjuan, Wu Zhijiao, Zhang Xiao, Ma Peijun, Piao Lingyu. Synthesis and Photocatalytic Mechanisms of the Mixed-Phase TiO2 Photocatalysts [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2014, 26(07): 1120-1131.
[14] Zhang Qian, Zhou Ying, Zhang Zhao, He Yun, Chen Yongdong, Lin Yuanhua. Plasmonic Photocatalyst [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2013, 25(12): 2020-2027.
[15] Zhang Liuming, Lin Jianxin, Ni Jun, Lin Bingyu, Wang Rong, Wei Kemei. Preparation Methods of Ruthenium Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2011, 23(11): 2225-2232.