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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (0203): 270-275 DOI: 10.7536/PC120614 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

基于碳纳米材料载体的氢气传感器

向翠丽1, 邹勇进1, 邱树君1, 褚海亮1, 孙立贤*1,2, 徐芬*1,3   

  1. 1. 广西信息材料重点实验室 桂林电子科技大学 桂林 541004;
    2. 中国科学院大连化学 物理研究所 大连 116023;
    3. 辽宁师范大学 化学化工学院 大连 116029
  • 收稿日期:2012-06-01 修回日期:2012-09-01 出版日期:2013-02-24 发布日期:2012-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 孙立贤, 徐芬 E-mail:lxsun@dicp.ac.cn;fenxu@dicp.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2010CB631303)、国家自然科学基金项目( No.20833009、51071146,51071081, 21173111,51101145,51101144,51201041,51201042)、IUPAC项目(No.2008-006-3-100)、广西信息材料重点实验室基金项目(No.PF12003X)、广西科技厅创新团队项目(No.2012GXNSFGA060002)和桂林电子科技大学启动基金项目(No.UF11029Y)资助

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Nanocarbon-Based Materials for Hydrogen Sensor

Xiang Cuili1, Zou Yongjin1, Qiu Shujun1, Chu Hailiang1, Sun Lixian*1,2, Xu Fen*1,3   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China;
    2. Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023;
    3. Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
  • Received:2012-06-01 Revised:2012-09-01 Online:2013-02-24 Published:2012-12-28

氢气作为高效洁净的二次能源备受关注,但由于氢气无色无味、易爆炸,因此在使用的过程中必须对环境中的氢气进行检查。这就决定了氢气传感器在现代工业、燃料电池及氢的贮存和分离等的氢检测方面有着重要的应用。开发灵敏度高、选择性和稳定性好的氢气传感器一直是传感器领域研究的重要方向。由于具有独特的物理化学性质、高的比表面积和优越的电子特性,碳纳米材料常作为氢气传感器的敏感材料的载体。碳纳米复合材料在吸附氢气之后,其电子性质会发生变化,利用这个性质可以实现对氢气的检测。本文就碳纳米材料与金属纳米粒子、金属氧化物、聚合物的复合材料的氢敏感材料进行了系统的分析,综述了近年来基于碳纳米材料的氢气传感器的研究进展,并对氢气传感器的应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望,指出了需要研究的科学问题。

关键词： 氢气传感器, 碳纳米材料, 碳纳米管, 石墨烯

Hydrogen is a clean and versatile energy source but it is hazardous and highly explosive in air atmosphere due to colorless and tasteless. Despite of these safety disadvantages, hydrogen provides the best route to a sustainable ideal fuel for future. Thus hydrogen sensor has important applications in modern industry, including fuel cell, hydrogen storage and separation,etc. Development of hydrogen sensor with high sensitivity, selectivity and stability has been an important topic in the field of sensor research. Carbon-based nanomaterials have unique physical and chemical properties, high surface area and excellent electronic properties, which are often used as sensitive materials for hydrogen sensor. Nanocarbon based materials show extreme sensitivity towards changes that stems from the susceptibility of their electronic structure to interacting hydrogen molecules. This chemical sensitivity has made them ideal candidates for incorporation into the design of hydrogen sensors. The performance of three nanocarbon based composites (nanocarbon-based materials/metal nanoparticles composite, nanocarbon-based materials/metal oxide composite, nanocarbon-based materials/polymer composite) is analyzed systematically in this paper. Characteristic performance parameters of these sensors, including measuring range, sensitivity, selectivity, response time and lifetime are reviewed and the latest technology developments are reported. In addition, the application prospect and future outlook of hydrogen sensor are addressed. The key issues needed to be solved are also discussed. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Nanocarbon-based hydrogen sensor
2.1 Nanocarbon-based materials/metal nanoparticles composite
2.2 Nanocarbon-based materials/metal oxide composite
2.3 Nanocarbon-based materials/polymer composite
3 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: hydrogen sensor, nanocarbon-based materials, carbon nanotubes, graphene

中图分类号: 

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