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化学进展 2010, Vol. 22 Issue (01): 9-18 前一篇   后一篇

所属专题： 锂离子电池

• 综述与评论 •

锂离子电池正极材料的晶体结构及电化学性能

于锋1,2;张敬杰1*;王昌胤3;袁静1,2;杨岩峰1;宋广智1   

  1. （1.中国科学院理化技术研究所 北京 100190；2.中国科学院研究生院 北京 100049；3.北京有色金属研究总院能源材料与技术研究所 北京 100088）
  • 收稿日期:2009-04-23 修回日期:2009-06-02 出版日期:2010-01-24 发布日期:2010-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 张敬杰 E-mail:jjzhang@mail.ipc.ac.cn;yufeng05@mail.ipc.ac.cn
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Crystal Structure and Electrochemical Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials

Yu Feng1,2; Zhang Jingjie1*; Wang Changyin3; Yuan Jing1,2; Yang Yanfeng1; Song Guangzhi1   

  1. (1. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. Energy Materials and Technology Research Institute, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China)
  • Received:2009-04-23 Revised:2009-06-02 Online:2010-01-24 Published:2010-01-07
  • Contact: Zhang Jingjie E-mail:jjzhang@mail.ipc.ac.cn;yufeng05@mail.ipc.ac.cn

正极材料是锂离子电池的重要组成部分。作为提供自由脱嵌锂离子的正极材料，其晶体结构的特点决定了锂离子脱嵌路径方式的不同，并对锂离子电池的电化学性能等产生明显影响。本文根据正极材料的晶体结构和锂离子“脱嵌/嵌入”路径方式的不同，重点讨论了一维隧道结构、二维层状结构和三维框架结构正极材料的晶体结构特点、锂离子“脱嵌/嵌入”路径和其电化学性能之间的关系，主要包括一维隧道结构正极材料LiFePO4，二维层状结构正极材料LiMO2(M=Co, Ni, Mn)、Li1+xV3O8和Li2MSiO4 (M=Fe, Mn) 以及三维框架结构正极材料LiMn2O4和Li3V2(PO4)3。揭示了目前锂离子电池正极材料的研究现状和存在问题，并对今后的发展方向进行了评述。

关键词： 锂离子电池, 正极材料, 晶体结构, 电化学性能

As the important building blocks of lithium ion battery, cathode materials provide all extracting/inserting Lithium ions. Electrochemical performance of lithium ion battery is affected by the different way of Lithium ion migration in crystal structure of cathode materials. In this paper, the relationship of crystal structure, lithium ion migration way and electrochemical performance are reviewed in detail in terms of crystal structure: one-, two- and three-dimension. These cathode materials are mainly olivine-structured LiFePO4，α-NaFeO2 layered LiMO2 (M=Co, Ni, Mn)，monoclinic structured Li1+xV3O8，orthogonal structured Li2MSiO4 (M=Fe, Mn)，spinel structured LiMn2O4 and nascion structured Li3V2(PO4)3. Moreover，we discuss the present situation and challenges that remain regarding the lithium ion battery, and highlight ongoing research strategies on cathode materials.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Lithium ion battery cathode materials
3 One-dimension cathode materials
3.1 Olivine-structured phosphates LiFePO4
3.2 Electrochemical performance ameliorations
4 Two-dimension cathode materials
4.1 α-NaFeO2 layered LiMO2 (M=Co, Ni, Mn)
4.2 Monoclinic structured Li1+xV3O8
4.3 Orthogonal structured Li2MSiO4 (M=Fe, Mn, Co)
5 Three-dimension cathode materials
5.1 Spinel structured LiMn2O4
5.2 NASCION structured Li3V2(PO4)3
6 Conclusion

Key words: lithium ion battery, cathode materials, crystal structures, electrochemical performance

中图分类号: 

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