Fig. 1 Schematic diagram and physical characterization of γ-B28 borophene: (a) Schematic diagram of preparation and structure of γ-B28 borophene; (b) AFM images; (c) FFT images; (d) Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrum; (e) Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectrum[
Fig. 3 Crystal structure of borophene on mica substrates: (a) Atomic structure diagram of borophene and mica; (b) Structure of α′-2H borophene; (c) AFM image of borophene; (d) HRTEM image of borophene; (e) TEM image of borophene. Corresponding SAED images are shown as insets[
Fig. 4 Typical TEM images of few-layer B nanosheets prepared by 4 h tip ultrasonication in DMF (a, b) and IPA (c, d), followed by centrifugation at 5000 r/min for 30 min. The insets in (a), (c), and (d) display the corresponding FFT patterns of the selected regions[
Fig. 5 Synthesis of αʹ-4H-borophene by in-situ thermal decomposition: (a) SEM image; (b) Statistical data of lateral dimensions of 80 nanosheets measured by SEM; (c) AFM image; (d) Low-resolution TEM image; (e) HRTEM image and corresponding SAED pattern; (f) Reconstructed HRTEM image of the FFT pattern extracted from the red rectangular region in (e)[
Fig. 7 (a~e) Charge density difference maps of gas adsorption (CO, NO, CO2, NO2, NH3) on the surface of borophene. Red surfaces indicate electron gain, while blue surfaces indicate electron loss; (f) Zero-bias transmission of pristine borophene and borophene+gas system; (g) I-V characteristics of monolayer borophene with different adsorbed gas molecules[
Fig. 10 Borophene-graphene heterostructure humidity sensor: (a) Schematic representation of the sensor based on borophene-graphene heterostructure; (b) Humidity sensing behavior of the heterostructure sensor at different relative humidities; (c) Sensitivity of the heterostructure sensor exposed to different relative humidities; (d) Response and recovery curves of the heterostructure sensor under 85% RH; (e) Schematic diagram of the bent heterostructure sensor on a PET substrate; (f) Response curves of the sensor with and without applied bending strain[
Fig. 11 Borophene-BC2N heterostructure humidity sensor: (a) Real-time response of the sensor at different humidity levels; (b) Long-term response of the sensor at different humidity levels; (c) Real-time current curve of the sensor as the fingertip approaches at different distances[