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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (01): 213-220 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

生物医用类壳层可脱落纳米粒子

任天斌, 冯玥, 董海青, 李兰, 李永勇   

  1. 同济大学 材料科学与工程学院&先进材料与纳米生物医学研究院 上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2010-06-01 修回日期:2010-08-01 出版日期:2011-01-20 发布日期:2011-09-02
  • 作者简介:e-mail: inano_donghq@tongji.edu.cn; yongyong_li@tongji.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.30800230),上海市科技发展基金重点纳米专项(No.0852nm03600),上海市自然科学基金(No.10ZR1432100)和上海市科委纳米专项(No.0952nm04800)资助

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Sheddable Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application

Ren Tianbin, Feng Yue, Dong Haiqing, Li Lan, Li Yongyong   

  1. School of Material Science and Engineering, The Institute for Advanced Materials & Nano Biomedicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2010-06-01 Revised:2010-08-01 Online:2011-01-20 Published:2011-09-02

长循环纳米粒子的亲水壳层虽能有效延长纳米粒子在体内的循环时间,但到达靶向部位后壳层会大大制约其与细胞膜的作用,并延缓药物的释放。壳层可脱落纳米粒子可很好地解决长循环纳米粒子壳层这一问题,提高药物的生物利用度,其设计与制备具有很大的研究意义。本文介绍了不同类型的壳层可脱落纳米粒子,包括pH敏感型、氧化还原敏感型、酶解型等,着重阐述了壳层可脱落纳米粒子的设计机理和应用优势,并综述了国内外生物医用类壳层可脱落纳米粒子的研究进展与发展方向。

关键词： 壳层可脱落, 纳米粒子, 药物载体

The development of new intelligent drug carrier is one of the most critical challenges in cancer treatment.Nano-vehicles such as liposomes,polymeric micelles and lipoplexes are extensively investigated for this purpose.For successful drug delivery,one prerequisite is the long circulating time in vivo.Nanoparticles which used hydrophilic polymers as the “stealth” coating materials can prolong the circulating time via preventing the vehicles from the clearance by blood proteins and being uptaken by macrophages.However,hydrophilic coatings of nanoparticles may hamper the drug release and interaction with target cell after localizing at the pathological site,limiting the therapeutic effect.Presently,this dilemma could be circumvented by the development of the sheddable nanoparticles.Sheddable nanoparticles,which are capable of shedding their “outer layers” when needed,may facilitate the drug release as well as the interaction with the target cell.Herein,we present an overview of the recent work on sheddable nanoparticles with different “shedding” mechanisms,including pH-sensitivity,redox sensitivity and enzyme digestion,with an emphasis on their designs and biomedical applications.In addition,recent advances and perspectives of the sheddable nanoparticles are included.

Key words: sheddable, nanoparticles, drug carrier

中图分类号: 

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生物医用类壳层可脱落纳米粒子