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化学进展 2007, Vol. 19 Issue (05): 787-795 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物的制备及性能

李新贵;孙晋;黄美荣*   

  1. 同济大学材料学院 先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室 上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2006-06-21 修回日期:2006-08-10 出版日期:2007-05-24 发布日期:2007-05-24
  • 通讯作者: 黄美荣
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导出 被引次数 ( 67 | 8 )

Preparation and Properties of Nanocomposites of Polyaniline and Metal Nanoparticles

Li Xingui;Sun Jin;Huang Meirong*   

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092，China
  • Received:2006-06-21 Revised:2006-08-10 Online:2007-05-24 Published:2007-05-24
基于国内外最新研究文献及本课题组研究工作，从发展历史、制备方法、多功能性方面系统综述了近年来发展起来的聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物。在聚苯胺基体中引入金属纳米粒子的方法可归纳为3大类：原位复合法、直接共混法和层层自组装法。所形成的有机聚苯胺和无机金属杂化复合物不仅能保留各自原有的特异性能，而且二组分之间还存在着相互协同作用，能够极大地提升基体聚苯胺材料的性能，电导率最高可提高100倍，电氧化催化电流最高可提高10倍。分散在聚苯胺膜中的极少量铂微粒就能使不锈钢板的腐蚀电位稳定在钝化区域。聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物所表现出的突出的固有电导性、优异的反应催化性和极强的金属防腐性，使其跻身于为数不多的新型高性能复合材料之列，显示出了诱人的应用前景。
关键词： 聚苯胺, 贵金属, 金属纳米粒子, 纳米复合物, 催化活性
Polyaniline/metal nanoparticle composites，a kind of novel materials developed in recent years, have been systematically reviewed from the history, preparation and multi-functionalities based on our recent research and the latest literature. The technique of introducing metal nanoparticle into polyaniline matrix could be summarized in three categories：in-situ compound, direct blending and layer-by-layer self-assembly. The resulted hybrids from organic polyaniline and inorganic metals not only retain the original respective intrinsic performance, but also exhibit coadjutant effect that is beneficial for improving the properties of polyaniline matrix in composites. The maximal conductivity of the composite is ca.100 times higher than that of the matrix, and the maximal peak current of oxidation is ca.10 times higher than that of the matrix. Traces of platinum microparticles dispersed in polyaniline film could result in a stable corrosion potential of stainless steel within the passive range. The unique properties of polyaniline/metal nanoparticle composites including outstanding intrinsically electrical conductivity, excellent reactive catalysis and powerful anticorrosion properties make them lie in few high performance composites. They have shown attractive potential in applications.
Key words: polyaniline, noble metals, metal nanoparticle, nanocomposites, catalytic activity

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