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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (0203): 509-519 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

直接甲醇燃料电池关键材料与技术

王新东1*, 谢晓峰2, 王萌1, 刘桂成1, 苗睿瑛1,3, 王一拓1, 阎群4   

  1. 1. 北京科技大学物理化学系 北京 100083;
    2. 清华大学核能与新能源研究院 北京 100084;
    3. 北京科技大学材料学院无机非金属系 北京 100083;
    4. 北京科技大学机器人研究所 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2010-10-01 修回日期:2010-12-01 出版日期:2011-03-24 发布日期:2011-01-26
  • 通讯作者: e-mail:echem@ustb.edu.cn E-mail:echem@ustb.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2007AA05Z150)和国家自然科学基金项目(No. 50874008, 91010002)资助

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导出 被引次数 ( 16 | 7 )

Critical Materials and Technology in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Wang Xindong1*, Xie Xiaofeng2, Wang Meng1, Liu Guicheng1, Miao Ruiying1,3, Wang Yituo1, Yan Qun4   

  1. 1. Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
    2. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
    4. Robot Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2010-10-01 Revised:2010-12-01 Online:2011-03-24 Published:2011-01-26

作为绿色能源,直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)发展潜力无限,有着独特优势,且已有商业化萌芽。本文以DMFC中关键组件膜电极(MEA)为基础,主要介绍了制备高催化性能的电催化剂、高阻醇性能的质子交换膜(PEM)和高性能的MEA工艺,阐述了高效多层次活化、MEA性能再生等研究概念以及CO2分电流的测试技术,还对催化剂成核机理、PEM传质机理、甲醇的有益渗透理论和北京科技大学关于利用高分子成型理论将催化剂浆料直接喷涂在PEM上形成立体三维网格结构实现梯度催化的催化层制备思路进行了探讨。最后,本文还介绍了流场设计,性能测试和系统控制等方面的研究现状。

关键词： 直接甲醇燃料电池, 膜电极, 制备工艺, 活化工艺, 流场, 系统控制

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are known as the most promising green power source, have acknowledged special superiorities and already obtained primary effects on commercialization. In this article, based on membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is the key component of a DMFC, the preparation and optimization progress of catalyst, proton exchange membrane (PEM), the preparation of MEA, as well as the current reseach situation of activation technology for MEA are detailed combined with our experimental work. The process of multi-step activation, the method of MEA regeneration and the test technology of the current fraction of CO2 are presented and the catalyst nucleation mechanism, PEM mass transfer mechanism and the benefit of methanol penetrating are discussed, as well. Moreover, future work is forecasted. Based on the macromolecule polymer molding theory, a new thought is proposed in this paper that the catalyst slurry is directly sprayed on PEM to form the three-dimensional network structure, which will realize the gradient catalysis functionality and improve the preparation of catalyst layer of MEA. Finally, this article also describes the flow field design, performance testing and system control and other aspects of research status.

Key words: direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC), membrane electrode assembly(MEA), preparation process, activation, flow field, system control

中图分类号: 

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