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化学进展 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (11): 1591-1600 DOI: 10.7536/PC160630 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

有机太阳能电池给受体材料界面的微纳结构调控

谢祥1, 吕文珍1, 陈润锋1*, 黄维1,2*   

  1. 1. 南京邮电大学信息材料与纳米技术研究院 有机电子与信息显示国家重点实验室培育基地 江苏省有机电子和信息显示协同创新中心 南京 210023;
    2. 南京工业大学先进材料研究院 江苏省柔性电子重点实验室 先进生物与化学制造协同创新中心 南京 211816
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-01 修回日期:2016-08-01 出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2016-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 陈润锋, 黄维 E-mail:iamrfchen@njupt.edu.cn;wei-huang@njtech.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（No.21274065，21304049）资助
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Micro/Nano Structure Regulation of Donor/Acceptor Interface for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

Xie Xiang1, Lv Wenzhen1, Chen Runfeng1*, Huang Wei1,2*   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
  • Received:2016-06-01 Revised:2016-08-01 Online:2016-11-15 Published:2016-10-08
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21274065, 21304049).
有机太阳能电池因具有成本低、质轻、柔韧性好、可大面积印刷制备等优势，引起了人们极大的关注并成为现阶段有机电子学研究的重要热点之一。有机功能层中电子给体和受体界面特性对电池的功率转换效率影响很大，通过给受体界面的微纳结构化，可扩大给受体的接触面积、缩短给体和受体的距离、增强光吸收，能产生更多激子并促进激子有效分离，从而有效提高器件的电池效率。本文综述了纳米压印、自组装、溶剂挥发以及模板法等调控微纳结构的技术和方法，总结了基于微纳结构构建有机光伏器件的发展现状，并对目前微纳结构化方法和光伏应用中存在问题和研究重点做了简要评述，最后展望了该研究领域下一步的发展方向和应用前景。
关键词： 有机太阳能电池, 微纳结构, 给受体界面, 界面调控, 有机光伏
With apparent advantages of low cost, low weight, high flexibility, high efficiency, and high processability in large size device manufacture, organic solar cells (OSCs) have aroused a great deal of attention in current studies of organic electronics all over the world. Especially, the interface structure investigations of acceptor and donor materials in the active layer of OSCs are of particular attraction due to the great influence of micro/nano structures on the photovoltaic performance. The micro/nano structured donor/acceptor interface leads to the enlarged interface area, the reduced distance between acceptor and donor, and the enhanced sunlight absorption, which are favorable to increase the molecular excitation, promote the efficient charge separation and effective exciton dissociation, produce the continuous paths for efficient charge transport, and finally improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in OSC applications. In this review, we summarize the recent development of micro/nano interface structured organic solar cells made by various methods in controlling the structures of donor/acceptor interface through nanoimprint lithography, self-assembly technology, solvent evaporation and template methods. The basic principles of these fabrication techniques in producing various micro/nano interface structures, including nano-textured interface, nano-gratings, nanorods array, nanoparticle mediated layer, rough interface and some special patterns, are discussed in detail with particular attention on the effects of the resulted nanostructures on the photovoltaic performance. Further, the current difficulties and future research directions of the micro/nano-structured OSCs are also discussed to give an outlook of the prospect trends and application potentials in modulating photovoltaic devices for high PCEs.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Effects of micro/nano structures on photovoltaic properties
3 Methods to construct micro/nano interface structures
3.1 Nanoimprint lithography
3.2 Self-assembly technology
3.3 Solvent evaporation
3.4 Template methods
4 Applications of micro/nano structures on solar cells
4.1 Nano-textured interface
4.2 Nano gratings structure
4.3 Nanorods arrays
4.4 Nanoparticles
4.5 Rough interface
4.6 Special patterns
5 Conclusions and perspectives

Key words: organic solar cell, micro/nano structure, donor/acceptor interface, interface engineering, organic photovoltaics

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