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化学进展 2015, Vol. 27 Issue (9): 1167-1181 DOI: 10.7536/PC150210 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

轻金属配位氢化物储氢体系

刘新1, 吴川1,2, 吴锋1,2, 白莹1,2*   

  1. 1. 北京理工大学材料学院 环境科学与工程北京市重点实验室 北京 100081;
    2. 国家高技术绿色材料发展中心 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-01 修回日期:2015-04-01 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2015-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 白莹 E-mail:membrane@bit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 21476027),教育部博士点基金项目(No. 20121101110042)和教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(No. NCET-13-0033)资助
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导出 被引次数 ( 6 | 2 )

Light Metal Complex Hydride Hydrogen Storage Systems

Liu Xin1, Wu Chuan1,2, Wu Feng1,2, Bai Ying1,2*   

  1. 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. National Development Center of High Technology Green Materials, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2015-02-01 Revised:2015-04-01 Online:2015-09-15 Published:2015-06-24
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21476027), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20121101110042), and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-13-0033).
实现氢能有效利用的关键技术是开发安全、经济、高效的氢能储运体系。在目前所有的储氢技术中,固态材料化学储氢因其储氢密度大、可循环使用、安全方便储运等优势成为人们关注的焦点;配位氢化物储氢材料是现有储氢材料中体积和质量储氢密度最高的储氢材料。其中,具有高储氢密度、储氢性能优良的轻金属配位氢化物储氢材料是配位氢化物储氢领域研究的重点,目前已经取得了大量成果。本文论述了主要轻金属配位氢化物储氢体系的研究进展,包括硼氢化物储氢体系、铝氢化物储氢体系、氨基化物储氢体系等,阐述和总结了其热解反应机理、动力学性能、晶体结构、最新研究现状,最后对该领域的研究方向进行了总结和展望,指出二元或多元复合储氢体系、高效纳米粒子催化剂和储氢反应环境的综合协同效应将会成为储氢领域未来的研究趋势和重要研究方向。
关键词： 轻金属配位氢化物, 储氢体系, 反应机理, 热力学性能, 动力学性能
The key technology for hydrogen energy effectively is to develop safe, economical and efficient hydrogen storage system. Among all the hydrogen storage technologies at present, solid-state hydrogen storage material has got a lot of attentions because of its outstanding advantages including high density, excellent cycle property, safe and convenient storage mode. Complex hydride material has the highest hydrogen storage density; and light metal complex hydride hydrogen storage systems (LMCHHSS) which have high hydrogen storage density and excellent hydrogen storage property are the research emphasis with good achievements. The decomposition mechanisms, thermodynamic and kinetic properties, cycling performances, crystal structures, research status of LMCHHSS, including borohydride system, alanate system and amide system, are discussed in the paper. At last, some promising research directions to reduce thermodynamic stability, improve kinetic property and cycling hydrogen storage property, such as binary or multicomponent composite system, efficient catalyst nanoparticle, superior reaction environment, or the comprehensive synergistic effect of the above, are suggested for the developing trends of the domain in the future.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Light metal borohydride hydrogen storage system
2.1 LiBH4 hydrogen storage system
2.2 NaBH4 hydrogen storage system
2.3 KBH4 hydrogen storage system
2.4 Mg(BH4)2 hydrogen storage system
3 Light metal alanate hydrogen storage system
3.1 LiAlH4 hydrogen storage system
3.2 NaAlH4 hydrogen storage system
3.3 Mg(AlH4)2 hydrogen storage system
4 Alkali metalamide hydrogen storage system
4.1 LiNH2 hydrogen storage system
4.2 NaNH2 hydrogen storage system
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: light metal complex hydride, hydrogen storage system, reaction mechanism, thermodynamic property, kinetic property

中图分类号: 

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摘要

轻金属配位氢化物储氢体系