| Purification/Separation | Applicable media | Limitations |
|---|---|---|
| Manual extraction* | Sediments,wastewater,atmospheric fallout | 1~5 mm |
| Acidic and alkaline digestion | Sediments,Biological tissues | 10~500 μm |
| Oxidization with hydrogen peroxide* | Sediments,Biological tissues | 1 mm |
| Enzymatic digestion* | Biological tissues | 10~500 μm |
| Density separation* | Sediments,Soil samples,Biological samples after digestion | <1 mm~2.5 cm |
| AF4* | Soil samples,Biological samples after digestion | 1~1000 nm |
| HT-GPC | Personal-care products | 0.1%~3%w/w |
| Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC)* | Biological tissues | ≤100 nm |
| Electrostatic separation* | Quartz sand,freshwater, suspended particulate matter, sediments, beach sand | 0.063~5 mm |
| Magnetic extraction* | Seawater | 200 μm~1 mm |
