Contents
1 引言
2 光热转换原理
2.1 等离子体共振效应及干涉吸收
2.2 光热电子激发
2.3 共轭效应及超共轭效应
3 光热转换材料研究进展
3.1 金属基材料
3.2 碳基材料
3.3 半导体材料
3.4 有机聚合物材料
3.5 复合光热材料
3.6 其他材料
4 光热转换材料在脱盐领域的应用
4.1 流体脱盐
4.2 膜覆盖脱盐
4.3 其他脱盐模式
5 结论与展望
表1 典型光热转换材料性能对比Table 1 Performance comparison of typical photo-thermal conversion materials |
Materials | Light source | Light intensity(kW·m-2) | Evaporation rate (kg·m-2·h-1) | Photothermal conversion efficiency(%) | ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Au NPs | Solar simulator | 1.0 | — | 24.0 | 49 |
Au NPs | Solar simulator | 10 | 6.27 | — | 130 |
F-wood | Solar simulator | 1.0(3.0) | — | 72.0(81.0) | 60 |
Charcoal | Solar simulator | 1.0 | — | 91.3 | 61 |
Graphite-carbon foams | Solar simulator | 10.0 | — | 85.0 | 63 |
h-G foam | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.40* | 93.4 | 59 |
VA-GSM | Solar simulator | 1.0(4.0) | 1.62(6.25) | 86.5(94.2) | 71 |
Ti2O3 NPs | Solar simulator | 1.0(5.0) | 1.32*(5.03*) | 92.0 | 10 |
W18O49 | 808 nm laser | — | — | 59.6 | 86 |
TiO2 | Solar simulator | 1.0 | — | 70.9 | 7 |
rTiO2-Ti | Solar simulator | 5.6 | — | 84.2 | 84 |
CNTs | Solar simulator | 10.0 | 8.5 | — | 12 |
rGO | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.14 | — | 23 |
NG | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.50 | — | 72 |
CNT-SiO2 | Solar simulator | 1.0 | — | 82.0 | 107 |
Fe3O4@CNTs | Solar simulator | 1.0 | — | 88.7 | 100 |
SWNTs-MoS2 | Solar simulator | 5.0 | 6.6* | 91.5 | 108 |
rGO-MWCNTs | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.19* | 80.4 | 42 |
rGO-PU | Solar simulator | 12.0 | 14.02 | 81.0 | 104 |
rGO-PS | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.31* | 83.0 | 105 |
rGO-pDA | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 0.72* | — | 15 |
Wood-GO | Solar simulator | 12.0 | 14.02* | 83.0 | 109 |
CG/GN | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.25 | 85.6 | 110 |
CuS-PE | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 4.03 | 63.9 | 111 |
AgI-Ag2S | 808 nm laser | 1.0 | — | 52.0 | 115 |
MXene-PVDF-PS | Solar simulator | 1.0 | — | 84.0 | 4 |
HNG | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 3.2* | — | 112 |
CTH | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 2.5 | — | 106 |
Janus membrane | Solar simulator | 5.0 | 6.7 | 94.0 | 99 |
SnSe@NF | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 0.85(0.80*) | — | 131 |
2D-SCS | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.25 | 79.0 | 133 |
3D-SCS | Solar simulator | 1.0 | 1.7 | 96.7 | 133 |
“—”means not mentioned; * indicates data obtained by treating Saline water. |