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Progress in Chemistry 2021, Vol. 33 Issue (3): 355-367 DOI: 10.7536/PC200550 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Synthesis and Application of Holey Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Material(C2N)

Xiansheng Luo1, Hanlin Deng1, Jiangying Zhao2, Zhihua Li2, Chunpeng Chai1, Muhua Huang1,*()   

  1. 1 School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081, China
    2 Gansu Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd,Baiyin 730900, China;
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Muhua Huang
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21772013); Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2202049)
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A brand-new nitrogenated graphene-like two-dimensional material(C2N) has attracted considerable attention due to its special two-dimension nitro-rich network, which possesses regularly distributed N-containing holes. This article summarizes recent proceeding of the C2N material including synthesis, excellent mechanical, optical absorption, thermal, electrical and magnetic properties, as well as various applications, such as electronic devices, adsorption materials, green catalysts, drug carriers and so on. The C2N material is predicted to cause a research upsurge in the future.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Structure and properties of C2N

2.1 Monolayer structure

2.2 Mechanical property

2.3 Optical property

2.4 Thermal property

2.5 Electronic and magnetic property

3 Synthesis and characterization of C2N

3.1 Bottom-up method

3.2 Top-down method

4 Applications of C2N

4.1 Electronic devices

4.2 Gas adsorption and separation

4.3 Green catalysis

4.4 Biological applications

5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: holey nitrogenated graphene, C2N material, electronic devices, gas adsorption and separation, green catalysis, biological application
Fig.1 (1) Novel two-dimensional materials: h-BN[3] and graphene[4].(2) Representative nitro-rich infinite framework: CTF-1[10,11], aza-CMP[13], aza-MGP[14], g-C3N4[15], C3N[21,22], and C2N
Fig.2 Top view of atomic structure of single-layer C2N[26]
Fig.3 Illustration of the armchair and zigzag directions, and strain-stress relations for monolayer h2D-C2N with different types of strain[27]
Fig.4 Single-photon- and two-photon-induced fluorescence of C2N QDs, and photograph of “C 2N” characters composed from a C2N QD-based ink under UV irradiation[34]
Fig.5 Atomistic configurations of C2N/SiO2, and time evolutions of C2N total energy as well as of C2N and SiO2 temperatures during thermal relaxation[37]
Fig.6 Synthesis of C2N materials(1)[25]
Fig.7 Synthesis of C2N materials(2)[46]
Fig.8 Synthesis of C2N materials(3)[47]
Table 1 Comparison on C2N materials via different ways.
Sample Precursors to C2N Morphology of C2N N Content(at %) SBET(m2·g-1) Applications ref
C2N-h2D HAB, HKH 2D crystalline 19.76 271 Electrodes,
Semiconductor,
Catalysis,
Gas storage,
Biology 		25,34
C2NA Chloroanilic acid,
Ethylenediamine
L-Alanine 		3D areogel 31.69 1145 Electrodes 46
C2N-700 K HAT-6CN Amorphous carbon
material 		29.8 785 Adsorption 47
C2NNS Bulk-C2N
(HAB, HKH) 		2D nanosheet 10.47 / Photocatalysis 34,50
C2NQD Bulk-C2N
(HAB, HKH) 		0D quantum-dots 9.45 / Fluorescence ink,
Catalysis 		34
Fig.9 Synthesis and TEM images of C2N nanosheet and quantum dot[34,50]
Fig.10 C2N material used as electrode materials[70]
Fig.11 Application of C2N materials in adsorption separation:(1) hydrogen storage[82],(2) greenhouse gas adsorption[83],(3) acidic polluted gas adsorption[85]
Fig.8 C2N-based green catalysts:(1) CO2reduction[96],(2) water splitting[93],(3) N2fixation[102]
Fig.13 C2N-based biological materials:(1) protein immobilization[117],(2) DNA immobilization[115](3) drug carriers[119]
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