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Progress in Chemistry 2020, Vol. 32 Issue (9): 1241-1251 DOI: 10.7536/PC200522   Next Articles

• Review •

Detection and Diagnosis of COVID-19

Yan Huang1, Guodong Liu2,**, Xueji Zhang3,**   

  1. 1. Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    2. College of Life and Healthy Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
    3. School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Guodong Liu, Xueji Zhang
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21890740, 21890742, 21727815); the Basic Research Business Fund of Central Universities(FRF-TP-18-020A1,FRF-BD-20-14A); the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M631332); the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1908085MB54); the Key Research and Development Projects of Anhui Province(202004a07020018); the Major Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(KJ2019ZD58); the Wanjiang Scholar Award of Anhui Province()
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The novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19) is a highly contagious pneumonia that has swept the world since December 2019. It has a huge negative impact on the global society, economy and life, which also seriously threatens people’s lives. Since there are no specific drugs or vaccines against COVID-19, rapid and timely detection and diagnosis are essential for controlling the epidemic. This article reviews the current detection methods for COVID-19. It mainly compares the function of computed tomography-based, nucleic acid-based and antibody-based methods for the detection of COVID-19, summarizes the advantages and weaknesses, and reviews recent research progress. Virus isolation is the gold standard for detecting viral infections but requires strict conditions that most laboratories and hospitals cannot reach; CT examination allow us directly see the symptoms but with a limitation of low specificity; nucleic acid testing provides direct evidence and is currently the main method for COVID-19 but have a false-negative rate; antibody testing is indirect evidence and adapt to carry out screening work, but it cannot be used in the early stage of infection and may get false-positive and false-negative results. Joint use and comprehensive interpretation are proposed to be complementary in terms of technology and time difference, which will play an important role in identifying patients, monitoring disease progress and investigating epidemiology. The future development, research priorities and challenges are addressed.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Virus isolation and sequencing

3 Computed tomography

4 Nucleic acid detection

5 Antibody detection

6 Conclusion and outlook

Fig.1 Transmission electron microscopic image of an isolate from the first U.S. case of COVID-19. The spherical viral particles was colorized blue[22]
Fig.2 Various combinations of GGO on early CT imaging GGO [50]
Fig.3 Number of samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR/total number of samples in aggregated studies(%)[68]
Fig.4 Dual-functional plasmonic photothermal biosensors for highly accurate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection[80]
Fig.5 Rapid detection of COVID-19 causative virus(SARS-CoV-2) in human nasopharyngeal swab specimens using field-effect transistor-based biosensor[91]
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Abstract

Detection and Diagnosis of COVID-19