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• Review •

Degradation and Conversion of Cellulose in Ionic Liquids

Zhou Lilong, Wu Tinghua, Wu Ying   

  1. Institute of Physical Chemistry,Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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As society’s requirement for resources increasing,biological resources attract widespread attentions. The degradation of cellulose, the most abundant biomass, in the emerging solvents--ionic liquids, becomes a hot topic in chemical research. Dissolving cellulose in ionic liquids is the first step of cellulose’s degradation. So at the beginning of this paper, the current research on dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids is introduced. As the key step, monosaccharide (glucose and fructose) being converted into 5-HMF (5-hydroxymethyl furfural) in ionic liquids has been researched in recent years. Based on the representative works, it is found that developing an efficient catalyst to convert glucose to 5-HMF still has a long way to go. One-pot conversion of cellulose into 5-HMF in ionic liquids is the most important issue discussed in this article. The review introduces the latest research progress in degradation of cellulose in ionic liquids and the correlative mechanisms. At last, this article points out the shortcoming of the researches and puts forward some possible solutions. Contents 1 Introduction
2 Cellulose dissolves in ionic liquids
2.1 Survey of cellulose’s structure
2.2 Research of cellulose dissolving in ionic liquids
2.3 Mechanism of cellulose dissolving in ionic liquids
2.5 Influence factors of cellulose dissolving in ionic liquids.
3 Research of monosaccharide’s degradation into 5-HMF
3.1 Degradation of fructose to 5-HMF
3.2 Degradation of glucose to 5-HMF
3.3 Mechanism of degradation of glucose to 5-HMF
3.4 Summary
4 Degradation of cellulose in ionic liquids
4.1 Survey of ways to degradation of cellulose
4.2 Metal halides catalysts
4.3 Mineral acids and solid acids catalysts
4.4 Acid-functionalized ionic liquids catalysts
4.5 Summary
5 Conclusions and outlook
Key words: cellulose, glucose, fructose, ionic liquids, 5-HMF

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