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Progress in Chemistry 2012, Vol. 24 Issue (04): 606-615 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Environmental Behavior and Toxicological Effects of Polycyclic Musks

Li Zhuona, Zhou Qunfang, Liu Jiyan, Shi Yali, Cai Yaqi, Jiang Guibin   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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Polycyclic musks (PCMs) are important synthetic fragrances widely used in personal care products. Due to their continuous release into the environment and bioaccumulation, environmental behaviors of PCMs are similar to persistent organic pollutants. PCMs are new emerging pollutants and have attracted remarkable attention due to their ubiquitous distribution in the environment. In this paper, the characteristics, pollution sources, analytical methods and pollution status of PCMs are described. Then the degradation, transformation and bioaccumulation are summarized. Toxicological effects such as acute toxicity, subchronic toxicity, endocrine disrutpting toxicity and other potential toxic effects are also introduced. Finally, the existing problems and future research directions are proposed. In the future, standard analytical methods should be established to systematically understand pollution situation, migration and transformation law, and metabolic pathways of PCMs. The impacts of PCMs exposure pathways on bioavailability should also be investigated to assess potential risks. In addition, studies are also needed to explore single and combined toxic effects of PCMs at long-term low-dose exposure in vivo assay.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Physical and chemical properties
3 Sources of PCMs in environment
4 Analytical methods
4.1 Sample extraction
4.2 Sample clean-up
4.3 Sample analysis
5 The pollution status of PCMs in environment
5.1 PCMs in water
5.2 PCMs in sewage sludge and sediment
5.3 PCMs in human being
5.4 PCMs in biota
5.5 PCMs in air
6 Degradation and transformation
7 Bioaccumulation
8 Toxicological effects
8.1 Acute toxicological effects
8.2 Subchronic toxicological effects
8.3 Other toxicological effects
8.4 Endocrine disrupting effects
9 Conclusion and prospects
Key words: polycyclic musks, analytical methods, pollution status, degradation and transformation, bioaccumulation, toxicological effects

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