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Progress in Chemistry 2012, Vol. 24 Issue (04): 445-455   Next Articles

• Review •

Vanadium-Based Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3

Liu Fudong, Shan Wenpo, Shi Xiaoyan, He Hong   

  1. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 or urea (NH3/Urea-SCR) as reducing agents over catalytic materials in oxygen-rich conditions is one of the most efficient and widely-used techniques for the removal of NOx from stationary and mobile sources. The most important catalyst system for NH3-SCR process is vanadium-based catalyst. In this review, the composition and NH3-SCR performance, the activity improvement of vanadium-based catalysts and the corresponding NH3-SCR reaction mechanisms are summarized. The possible developing orientations in the field of NH3-SCR technique are also prospected. The conventional V2O5-WO3 (MoO3)/TiO2 catalyst and corresponding improved vanadium-based catalysts usually show excellent deNOx efficiency and SO2 durability in the medium temperature range. On these catalysts, the highly dispersed V5+ species and poly-vanadate species are confirmed to be the active phases for NH3-SCR reaction. Over vanadium-based catalysts prepared by different methods or with different compositions, a majority of researchers consider that the NH3-SCR reaction follows an Eley-Rideal (E-R) mechanism and some researchers prefer to a Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) mechanism, which might be related to the vanadium loading amount and reaction temperature. During the subsequent work in further study, the researchers should combine multiple characterization methods aiming at different catalyst systems, and pay more attention to the influence of temperature on the reaction mechanism together with the effect of surface acid/basic property on the adsorption and activation of NH3/NOx. Accordingly, much more comprehensive and authentic reaction mechanism can be concluded. The systematic understanding of the research progress in vanadium-based catalysts is beneficial to the development of highly efficient, stable vanadium-based SCR catalytic converters at the present stage, and also important for the design and synthesis of novel, efficient, environmentally-friendly vanadium-free SCR catalysts with high resistance to poisoning.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Composition and NH3-SCR performance of vanadium-based catalysts
3 Improvement of vanadium-based catalysts
4 NH3-SCR reaction mechanism over vanadium-based catalysts
5 Comments and outlook
Key words: vanadium-based catalysts, NH3-SCR, flue gas denitration, diesel exhaust purification, reaction mechanism, vanadium-free catalysts

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