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Progress in Chemistry 2012, Vol. Issue (10): 2062-2072 Previous Articles   

• Review •

Technologies of Microalgal Harvesting and Lipid Extraction

Zhang Fang1, Cheng Lihua2, Xu Xinhua2, Zhang Lin1, Chen Huanlin1   

  1. 1. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
    2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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Microalgae, with the merits of environmental adaptability, high photosynthetic efficiency and high lipid content, have become one of the most promising raw materials for bio-fuels production, especially for the biodiesel production. In this paper, the advances of technologies in microalgae harvesting and lipid extraction worldwide are reviewed. Firstly, several methods such as flocculation, centrifugation and filtration, as well as their mechanisms and applications for microalgae recovery are introduced. Then, the practical lipid extraction technologies including organic solvents, supercritical and subcritical fluids are evaluated based on their operation conditions and energy consumption. In particular, a novel method of in-situ lipid milking is introduced to allow synchronous culture and lipid extraction of microalgae. Finally, the main problems within the downstream processing of algal oil are summarized and the possible solutions to produce cost-efficient algal biodiesel are proposed. Contents 1 Introduction
2 Algae concentrated and harvesting methods
2.1 Flocculation and sedimentation
2.2 Flocculation and dissolved air flotation
2.3 Centrifugation
2.4 Filtration
3 Algal lipid extraction methods
3.1 Organic solvent extraction
3.2 Supercritical fluid extraction
3.3 Subcritical water extraction
4 In situ lipid milking
4.1 Concept of milking
4.2 Application of milking
4.3 Rules to choose organic solvents for milking establishment
4.4 Mechanism of lipid extraction during milking process
5 Problems and prospects
Key words: biodiesel, algae harvesting, lipid extraction, energy balance

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