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Progress in Chemistry 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (7): 1338-1344 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Special issues •

Studies on Separating Trivalent Actinides from Lanthanides by Dialkyldithiophosphinic Acid Extraction

Chen Jing*, Wang Fang, He Xihong, Pan Dengfang   

  1. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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The effective separation of trivalent actinides from lanthanides is one of key steps to realizing the advanced nuclear fuel cycle based on “partitioning-transmutation”. However, their effective separation is always one of difficulties in the separation field because of the very similar physical and chemical properties between trivalent actinides and lanthanides. In the separation by solvent extraction, ligands containing soft donor S, N show good performance to separate trivalent actinides from lanthanides. In 1995, Cyanex 301, a commercial reagent, was found to be able to separate trivalent actinides from macro amount of lanthanides, and then the purified product bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid was proven to have remarkable ability to separate actinides from both micro and macro amount of lanthanides. The separation process was studied and demonstrated by hot test. The dominant complex in extraction is of cubic structure with a coordination number of 8. The phenyl, chlorophenyl-substituted compounds had no separation ability, but achieved a good separation performance with the synergistic extraction of neutral extractants such as trialkylphosphate. Recently, o-trifluoromethylphenyl- substituted extractant compound was proven to have an excellent separation performance. Although the improvement in stability is desired and the further investigation to the separation mechanism is needed, dialkyldithiophosphinic acids are promising reagents for trivalent actinides/lanthanides separation because of the outstanding separation performance.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Separation of trivalent actinides from lanthanides
3 Separation of trivalent actinides from lanthanides by Cyanex 301 extraction
4 Separation of trivalent actinides from lanthanides by dialkyldithiophosphinic acids extraction
5 Future of dialkyldithiophosphinic acid-based separation technology

Key words: actinides, lanthanides, extraction separation, dialkyldithiophosphinic acid

CLC Number: 


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