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Progress in Chemistry 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (7): 1295-1307 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Special issues •

Application of Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Techniques to the Studies of Actinide Complexation

Linfeng Rao   

  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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Complexation of actinide elements with various ligands has become a subject of significant interest in recent years, due to the rapid development of nuclear energy and the demand for advanced actinide separation processes. Some ligands play very important roles in actinide separations, while other ligands determine the speciation of actinides and their transport in the environment. Therefore, fundamental understanding of actinide complexation is critical to the development of advanced fuel cycles, including the used fuel reprocessing and the safe management of nuclear wastes. A number of thermodynamic and spectroscopic techniques can be applied to the studies of actinide complexation in solution, providing fundamental information on the nature (e.g., ionic bonding vs covalency, outer sphere vs inner sphere), energetics (e.g., free energy, enthalpy, entropy and heat capacity) and structures of actinide complexes. This paper briefly reviews the application of selected thermodynamic and spectroscopic techniques that have been frequently used in recent years for studying actinide complexation, including microcalorimetry, optical absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Emphasis is placed on demonstrating, with examples, the scientific information that can be extracted from the measurements with the techniques.

Key words: actinide elements, complexation, thermodynamics, spectroscopy

CLC Number: 


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