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Progress in Chemistry 2010, Vol. 22 Issue (11): 2191-2198 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Application of Terahertz Technology in the Pharmaceutical Setting

Liu Xiaohong  Zhao Hongwei**  Liu Guifeng  Zhang Zengyan   Ji Te   Wu Shengwei     

  1. (Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201800, China)
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: ZhaoHongwei E-mail:zhaohongwei@sinap.ac.cn
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Terahertz (THz) technology and its applications are now advancing rapidly. This has resulted in a number of promising applications in the fields of homeland security, information and communications, condensed mater physics, global environmental monitoring, nondestructive evaluation, physical and analytical chemistry, biology and medical sciences and many others. THz technology including terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and terahertz imaging has great potential in pharmaceutical industry, because it can provide rich and useful information that helps us to understand the structure and property of molecules from a new electromagnetic wave window. The innovative progresses in the application of THz technology in the pharmaceutical setting in recent years are reviewed with illustrative examples in this paper. THz-TDS has the capability to characterize and quantify the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in drug materials and final solid dosage forms and to investigate crystallinity, polymorphism, and pseudo-polymorphism. THz functional imaging can be used to nondestructively analyze the tablet matrix physicochemical composition, coating thickness, density and internal structure, and the uniformity and integrity of the coat in solid dosage forms due to the pulsed, coherent and frequency-dependent penetration nature of the radiation. The applications of THz technology in reaction dynamics and as an on-line process analytical technology (PAT) are also discussed in this review.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
2.1 Investigation of isomers
2.2 Investigation of polymorphism and crystallinity
2.3 Pseudo-polymorphism qualification and quantification
2.4 Quantitative monitoring of reaction processes
3 Terahertz imaging
3.1 Nondestructive analysis of tablet coating
3.2 Nondestructive investigation of druy dissolution performance
3.3 Nondestructive inspection of pharmaceutical ingredients
4. Outlook

Key words: terahertz (THz), terahertz spectroscopy, terahertz imaging, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), process analytical technology (PAT)

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