中文
Announcement
More
Progress in Chemistry 2010, Vol. 22 Issue (04): 684-695 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Invited Article •

Functionalization and Structure Control of Carbon Nanotubes with Polymers: Polymers-Grafted Carbon Nanotubes

Yang Yingkui1**; Qiu Shengqiang1; Wang Xianbao1; Xie Xiaolin2**   

  1. (1. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; 2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Yang Yingkui;Xie Xiaolin E-mail:yingkuiyang@gmail.com; xlxie@mail.hust.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China

PDF ( 2899 ) Cited
Export

EndNote

Ris

BibTeX

Research on functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with polymers has been attracted an increasing interest due to their potential applications in polymer-based functional nanomaterials. Therefore, most recent progress in the chosen field is summarized according to the grafting-to and grafting-from techniques. The grafting-to technique involves direct attachment of as-prepared polymers to CNTs by derivation reaction of the CNT-bound carboxylic groups (i.e., acylation-esterification, and acylation-amidation and direct condensation reaction), addition reaction (i.e., macromolecular radical coupling, azido-cycloaddition and thiol-coupling reaction. The grafting-from approach can be grouped into five types: (i) common free radical polymerization; (ii) controlled/living free radical polymerization (CLRP); (iii) ionic polymerization; (iv) ring-opening polymerization; and (v) polycondensation. The CLRP techniques further include surface-initiated atom transfer free radical polymerization (ATRP), nitroxide-mediated free radical polymerization (NMRP) and reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (RAFT) in the presence of the CNT-supported macroinitiators. Moreover, polymerization of CNTs themselves by condensation reaction between the surface functional groups is briefly reported, both the current challenge and the future development towards the field of polymers-modified CNTs are also discussed in this article.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Grafting-to techniques
2.1 Derivation reaction of carboxyl groups
2.2 Addition reaction
2.3 Thiol-coupling reaction
3 Grafting-from techniques
3.1 Common free radical polymerization
3.2 Controlled/living free radical polymerization
3.3 Ionic polymerization
3.4 Ring-opening polymerization (ROP)
3.5 Polycondensation reaction
3.6 Other surface-mediated polymerization techniques
4 Polymerization of CNTs themselves
5 Conclusion and outlook

CLC Number: 

[1 ] Baughman R H,Zakhidov A A,de Heer W A. Science,2002,297: 787—792
[2 ] Dresselhaus M S,Dresslhous G,Avouris P. Carbon Nanotubes:Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Application, Berlin:Springer,2001
[3 ] Coleman C N,Khan U,Gun’ko Y K. Adv. Mater. ,2006,18:689—706
[4 ] Moniruzzaman M, Winey K I. Macromolecules, 2006, 39:5194—5205
[5 ] 沈广霞( Shen G X) ,庄燕燕( Zhuang Y Y) ,林昌健( Lin C J) . 化学进展( Progress in Chemistry) ,2004,16: 21—25
[6 ] 张娟玲( Zhang J L) ,崔屾( Cui S) . 化学进展( Progress in Chemistry) ,2006,18: 1312—1321
[7 ] Ajayan P M,Tour J M. Nature,2007,447: 1066—1068
[8 ] Xie X L,Mai Y W,Zhou X P. Mater. Sci. Eng. R,2005,49: 89—112
[9 ] 杨应奎(Yang Y K) ,周兴平( Zhou X P) ,毛联波( Mao L B) 等. 高分子材料科学与工程( Polymer Materials Science and Engineering) ,2005,21: 45—49
[10] 杨应奎(Yang Y K) ,毛联波( Mao L B) ,周兴平( Zhou X P) 等. 高分子材料科学与工程( Polymer Materials Science and Engineering) ,2005,21: 50—54
[11] 杨应奎(Yang Y K) ,杜飞鹏(Du F P) ,解孝林(Xie X L) .应用化学( Applied Chemistry) ( Suppl. ) ,2007,24: 205—210
[12] Chen J,Hamon M A,Hu H,et al. Science,1998,282: 95—98
[13] Tasis D,Tagmatarchis N,Bianco A,et al. Chem. Rev. ,2006,106: 1105—1136
[14] Banerjee S,Hemraj-Benny T,Wong S S,Adv. Mater. ,2005,17: 17—29
[15] Hirsch A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. ,2002,41: 1853—1859
[16] Balasubramanian K,Burghard M. Small,2005,2: 180—192
[17] Katz E,Willner I. ChemPhysChem,2004,5: 1084—1104
[18] Stepanyan R,Subbotin A,Knaapila M,et al. Macromolecules,2003,36: 3758—3763
[19] Hammond M R,Klok H A,Mezzenga R. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2008,29: 299—303
[20] Gao C. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2006,27: 841—847
[21] Wildgoose G G,Banks C E,Compton R G. Small,2006,2:182—193
[22] 王国建(Wang G J) ,屈泽华(Qu Z H) . 化学进展( Progress in Chemistry) ,2006,18: 1305—1312
[23] 肖奇(Xiao Q) ,王平华(Wang P H) ,司知蠢( Si Z C) . 化学进展( Progress in Chemistry) ,2007,19: 101—106
[24] 张怀( Zhang H) ,张云怀( Zhang Y H) ,李静( Li J) 等. 化学进展( Progress in Chemistry) ,2008,20: 253—259
[25] Hiura H,Ebbesen T W,Tanigaki K. Adv. Mater. ,1995,7:275—276
[26] Tsang S C,Chen Y K,Green M L H,et al. Nature,1994,372: 159—162
[27] Zhao B,Hu H,Haddon R C. Adv. Funct. Mater. ,2004,14:71—76
[28] Zhao B,Hu H,Mandal S K,et al. Chem. Mater. ,2005,17:3235—3241
[29] Zhao B,Hu H,Yu A P,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2005,127: 8197—8203
[30] Bekyarova E,Davis M,Burch T,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2004,108: 19717—19720
[31] Zhang T,Mubeen S, Bekyarova E, et al. Nanotechnology,2007,18: art. no. 165504
[32] Lin Y,Rao A M,Sadanadan B, et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2002,106: 1294—1298
[33] Hill D,Lin Y,Qu L W,et al. Macromolecules,2005,38:7670—7675
[34] Hill D E,Lin Y,Rao A M,et al. Macromolecules,2002,35:9466—9471
[35] Fu K F,Huang W J,Lin Y, et al. Nano Lett. ,2001,1:439—441
[36] Chen G X,Kim H S,Park B H,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2005,109: 22237—22243
[37] He B J,Sun W L,Wang M, et al. Mater. Chem. Phys. ,2004,84: 140—145
[38] He P,Urban M W. Biomacromolecules,2005,6: 2455—2457
[39] Baskaran D,Dunlap J R,Mays J W,et al. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2005,26: 481—486
[40] Tao L,Chen G J, Mantovani G, et al. Chem. Commun. ,2006,4949—4951
[41] Liu Y X,Du Z J,Li Y,et al. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2006,44: 6880—6887
[42] Lin Y,Hill D E,Bentley J,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2003,107: 10453—10457
[43] Zhou B,Lin Y,Li H P,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2003,107:13588—13592.
[44] Fernando K A S, Lin Y, Sun Y P. Langmuir,2004,20:4777—4778
[45] Huang W J,Fernando S,Allard L F,et al. Nano Lett. ,2003,3: 565—568
[46] Lin Y,Zhou B,Fernando K A S,et al. Macromolecules,2003,36: 7199—7204
[47] Hill D,Lin Y, Qu L, et al. Macromolecules, 2005, 38:7670—7675
[48] Staros J V,Wright R W,Swingle D M. Anal. Biochem. ,1986,156: 220—222
[49] Sehgal D,Vijay I K. Anal. Biochem. ,1994,218: 87—91
[50] Gilles M A,Hudson A Q, Borders C L. Anal. Biochem. ,1990,184: 244—248
[51] Gao Y,Kyratzis I. Bioconjugate Chem. ,2008,19: 1945—1950
[52] Gao J,Itkis M E,Yu A,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2005,127: 3847—3854
[53] Gao J,Zhao B,Itkis M E,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2006,128: 7492—7496
[54] Ge J J,Zhang D,Li Q,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2005,127: 9984—9985
[55] Ni B,Sinnott S B. Phys. Rev. B,2000,61: R16343—R16346
[56] Bahr J L,Yang J P,Kosynkin D V,et al. J. Am. Chem.Soc. ,2001,123: 6536—6542
[57] Strano M S,Dyke C A,Usrey M L,et al. Science,2003,301:1519—1522
[58] Dyke C A,Tour J M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2003,125: 1156—1157
[59] Mitchell C A,Bahr J L,Arepalli S,et al. Macromolecules,2002,35: 8825—8830
[60] Hudson J L,Casavant M J,Tour J M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2004,126: 11158—11159
[61] Dyke C A,Tour J M. Nano Lett. ,2003,3: 1215—1218
[62] Lou X D,Detrembleur C,Pagnoulle C,et al. Adv. Mater. ,2004,16: 2123—2126
[63] Lou X D,Detrembleur C,Sciannamea V,et al. Polymer,2004,45: 6097—6102
[64] Liu Y,Yao Z,Adronov A. Macromolecules,2005,38: 1172—1179
[65] Wu H X,Tong R,Qiu X Q,et al. Carbon,2007,45: 152—159
[66] Liu Y L,Chen W H. Macromolecules,2007,40: 8881—8886
[67] Prato M,Li Q C,Wudl F,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,1993,115: 1148—1150
[68] Holzinger M,Vostrowsky O,Hirsch A,et al. Angew. Chem.Int. Ed. ,2001,40: 4002—4005
[69] Holzinger M,Abraham J,Whelan P,et al. J. Am. Chem.Soc. ,2003,125: 8566—8580
[70] Qin S,Qin D,Ford W T,et al. Macromolecules,2004,37:752—757
[71] Li Z,Dong Y Q,Hussler M,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2006,110: 2302—2309
[72] Li H,Cheng F,Duft A M,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2005,127: 14518—14524
[73] You Y Z,Hong C Y,Pan C Y. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2006,27: 2001—2006
[74] You Y Z,Hong C Y,Pan C Y. Adv. Funct. Mater. ,2007,17: 2470—2477
[75] You Y Z,Hong C Y,Pan C Y. J. Phys. Chem. C,2007,111: 16161—16166
[76] Yang Y K,Xie X L,Wu J G,et al. J. Polym. Sci. Part A:Polym. Chem. ,2006,44: 3869—3881
[77] Yang Y K,Mao L B,Xie X L,et al. Solid State Phenom. ,2007,121 /123: 1411—1414
[78] Du F P,Wu K B,Yang Y K,et al. Nanotechnology,2008,19: art. no. 085716
[79] Ha J U,Kim M,Lee J,et al. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2006,44: 6394—6401
[80] Kim M,Hong C,Choe S,et al. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2007,45: 4413—4420
[81] Liu Y Y,Tang J,Xin J H. Chem. Commun. ,2004,2828—2829
[82] Qin S,Qin D,Ford W T,et al. Macromolecules,2004,37:3965—3967
[83] Qin S,Qin D,Ford W T,et al. Macromolecules,2004,37:9963—9967
[84] Shaffer M S P,Koziol K. Chem. Commun. ,2002,2074—2075
[85] Qiu J,Wang G J,Zhao C X. J. Nanopart. Res. ,2008,10:659—663
[86] Kan X W,Zhao Y,Geng Z R, et al. J. Phys. Chem. C,2008,112: 4849—4854
[87] Park S J,Cho M S, Lim S T, et al. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2003,24: 1070—1073
[88] Sung J H,Kim H S,Jin H J,et al. Macromolecules,2004,37: 9899—9902
[89] Yao Z,Braidy N,Botton G A,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2003,125: 16015—16024
[90] Baskaran D,Mays J W,Bratcher M S. Angew. Chem. Int.Ed. ,2004,43: 2138—2142
[91] Kong H,Gao C,Yan D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2004,126:412—413
[92] Kong H,Gao C,Yan D. Macromolecules,2004,37: 4022—4030
[93] Gao C,Vo C D,Jin Y Z,et al. Macromolecules,2005,38:8634—8648
[94] Qin S,Qin D,Ford W T,et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,2004,126: 170—176
[95] Qin S,Qin D,Ford W T,et al. Macromolecules,2004,37:752—757
[96] Hong C Y,You Y Z,Wu D,et al. Macromolecules,2005,38:2606—2611
[97] Shanmugharaj A M,Bae J H,Nayak R R,et al. J. Polym. Sci.Part A: Polym. Chem. ,2007,45: 460—470
[98] Narain R,Housni A,Lane L. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2006,44: 6558—6568
[99] Gao C,Muthukrishnan S, Li W W, et al. Macromolecules,2007,40: 1803—1815
[100] Gao C,Li W W,Morimoto H,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2006,110: 7213—7220
[101] Chochos C L, Stefopoulos A A, Campidelli S, et al.Macromolecules,2008,41: 1825—1830
[102] Zhang Y,He H K,Gao C. Macromolecules,2008,41: 9581—9594
[103] Zhang Y,He H K,Gao C,et al. Langmuir,2009,25: 5814—5824
[104] Zhao X D,Fan X H,Chen X F,et al. J. Polym. Sci. Part A:Polym. Chem. ,2006,44: 4656—4667
[105] Zhao X D,Lin W R,Song N H,et al. J. Mater. Chem. ,2006,16: 4619—4625
[106] Fan D Q,He J P,Tang W,et al. Eur. Polym. J. ,2007,43:26—34
[107] Chiefari J,Chong Y K,Ercole F,et al. Macromolecules,1998,31: 5559—5562
[108] Cui J,Wang W P,You Y Z,et al. Polymer,2004,45: 8717—8721
[109] Xu G Y,Wu W T,Wang Y S,et al. Nanotechnology,2006,17: 2458—2465
[110] Xu G Y,Wu W T,Wang Y S,et al. Polymer,2006,47:5909—5918
[111] Xu G Y,Wang Y S,Pang W M,et al. Polym. Int. ,2007,56:847—852
[112] Xu G Y,Wu WT,Wang Y S,et al. Nanotechnology,2007,18: art. no. 145606
[113] Hong C Y,You Y Z,Pan C Y. Chem. Mater. ,2005,17:2247—2254
[114] Hong C Y,You Y Z,Pan C Y. Polymer,2006,47: 4300—4309
[115] Hong C Y,You Y Z,Pan C Y. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2006,44: 2419—2427
[116] Wang G J,Huang S Z,Wang Y,et al. Polymer,2007,48:728—733
[117] Pei X W,Hao J C,Liu W M. J. Phys. Chem. C,2007,111:2947—2952
[118] Pei X W,Liu W M,Hao J C. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2008,46: 3014—3023
[119] Viswanathan G,Chakrapan N,Yang H,et al. J. Am. Chem.Soc. ,2003,123: 9258—9259
[120] Liu I C,Huang H M, Chang C Y, et al. Macromolecules,2004,37: 283—287
[121] Wu W,Zhang S, Li Y, et al. Macromolecules,2003,36:6286—6288
[122] Qu L,Veca L M,Lin Y,et al. Macromolecules,2005,38:10328—10331
[123] Yang M,Gao Y,Li H M,et al. Carbon,2007,45: 2327—2333
[124] Sakellariou G,Ji H N,Mays J W,et al. Chem. Mater. ,2008,20: 6217—6230
[125] Xu Y,Gao C,Kong H, et al. Macromolecules, 2004, 37:8846—8853
[126] Xiang L,Zhang Z N,Yu P,et al. Anal. Chem. ,2008,80:6587—6593
[127] Zeng H,Gao C,Yan D,et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. ,2006,18: 812—818
[128] Buffa F,Hu H,Resasco D E. Macromolecules, 2005, 38:8258—8263
[129] Kricheldorf H R,Kreiser-Saunders I, Boettcher C. Polymer,1995,30: 1253—1259
[130] Castro M,Lu J B, Bruzaud S, et al. Carbon, 2009, 47:1930—1942
[131] Gao C,Jin Y Z,Kong H,et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2005,109: 11925—11932
[132] Xia H S,Song M. J. Mater. Chem. ,2006,16: 1843—1851
[133] Chen X H,Chen X J,Lin M,et al. Macromol. Chem. Phys. ,2007,208: 964—972
[134] Yang Y K, Xie X L, Wu J G, et al. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2006,27: 1695—1701
[135] Yang Y K,Xie X L,Yang Z F,et al. Macromolecules,2007,40: 5858—5867
[136] Yang Y K,Wang X T,Liu L,et al. J. Phys. Chem. C,2007,111: 11231—11239
[137] Song W H,Zheng Z,Tang W L,et al. Polymer,2007,48:3658—3663
[138] Xu G D,Zhu B,Han Y,et al. Polymer,2007,48: 7510—7515
[139] Baek J B,Lyons C B,Tan L S. Macromolecules,2004,37:8278—8285
[140] Baek J B,Lyons C B,Tan L S. J. Mater. Chem. ,2004,14:2052—2056
[141] Oh S J,Lee H J,Keum D K, et al. Polymer,2006,47:1132—1140
[142] Choi J Y,Oh S J,Lee L J,et al. Macromolecules,2007,40:4474—4480
[143] Jeon I U,Tan L S,Baek J B. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.Chem. ,2008,46: 3471—3481
[144] Chen J H,Wei G,Maekawa Y,et al. Polymer,2003,44:3201—3207
[145] Chen S M,Wu G Z,Liu Y D,et al. Macromolecules,2006,39: 330—334
[146] Reddy K R,Lee K P,Gopalan A I,et al. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. ,2006,44: 3355—3364
[147] Petrov P,Lou X D, Pagnoulle C, et al. Macromol. Rapid Commun. ,2004,25: 987—990
[148] Zhang Y J,Shen Y F,Li J H,et al. Langmuir,2005,21:4797—4800
[149] Baibarac M,Baltog I,Godon C, et al. Carbon,2004,42:3143—3152
[150] Priftis D,Petzetakis N,Sakellariou G,et al. Macromolecules,2009,42: 3340—3346
[151] Sano M,Kamino A,Okamura J. Science,2001,293: 1299—1301
[152] Dettlaff-Weglikowska U,Benoit J M,Chiu P W,et al. Curr.Appl. Phys. ,2002,2: 497—501
[153] Ru1ther M G,Frehill F,O′Brien J E,et al. J. Phys. Chem.B,2004,108: 9665—9668
[154] Ogino S,Sato Y,Yamamoto G, et al. J. Phys. Chem. B,2006,110: 23159—23163
[155] He P G,Li S N,Dai L M. Syn. Met. ,2005,154: 17—20
[156] Méténier K,Bonnamy S,Béguin F,et al. Carbon,2002,40:1765—1773
[157] Khabashesku V N,Gu Z N,Brinson B,et al. J. Phys. Chem.B,2002,106: 11155—11162
[158] Federizzi R L,Moura C S,Amaral L. J. Phys. Chem. B,2006,110: 23215—23220

[1] Lijun Bao, Junwu Wei, Yangyang Qian, Yujia Wang, Wenjie Song, Yunmei Bi. Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Enzyme-Responsive Linear-Dendritic Block Copolymers [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2022, 34(8): 1723-1733.
[2] Hang Yin, Zhi Li, Xiaofeng Guo, Anchao Feng, Liqun Zhang, San Hoa Thang. Selection Principle of RAFT Chain Transfer Agents and Universal RAFT Chain Transfer Agents [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2022, 34(6): 1298-1307.
[3] Tianyu Zhou, Yanbo Wang, Yilin Zhao, Hongji Li, Chunbo Liu, Guangbo Che. The Application of Aqueous Recognition Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Sample Pretreatment [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2022, 34(5): 1124-1135.
[4] Yuling Liu, Tengda Hu, Yilian Li, Yang Lin, Borsali Redouane, Yingjie Liao. Fast Self-Assembly Methods of Block Copolymer Thin Films [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2022, 34(3): 609-615.
[5] Yubing Wang, Jie Chen, Wei Yan, Jianwen Cui. Preparation and Application of Conjugated Microporous Polymers [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(5): 838-854.
[6] Tingting Heng, Hui Zhang, Mingxue Chen, Xin Hu, Liang Fang, Chunhua Lu. Graft Modification of PVDF-Based Fluoropolymers [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(4): 596-609.
[7] Yujian Liu, Zhimin Liu, Zhigang Xu, Gongke Li. Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Technology [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(9): 1334-1343.
[8] Jing Wen, Yuhong Li, Li Wang, Xiunan Chen, Qi Cao, Naipu He. Carbon Dioxide Smart Materials Based on Chitosan [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(4): 417-422.
[9] Li Liangjun, Jianhui Deng, Jianwei Guo, Hangbo Yue. Synthesis and Properties of Microporous Organic Polymers Based on Adamantane [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(2/3): 190-203.
[10] Anrui Zhang, Yuejie Ai. Structure Control of Covalent Organic Frameworks(COFs) and Their Applications in Environmental Chemistry [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(10): 1564-1581.
[11] Kerui Chen, Xin Hu, Jiangkai Qiu, Ning Zhu, Kai Guo. Synthesis of Bottlebrush Polymers by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(1): 93-102.
[12] Jinglin Zhai, Xin Hu, Chengkou Liu, Ning Zhu, Kai Guo. Grafting Modification of Lignin via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(9): 1293-1302.
[13] Jingshi Liang, Jiaming Zeng, Junjie Li, Jueqin She, Ruixuan Tan, Bo Liu. Cationic Antimicrobial Polymers [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(9): 1263-1282.
[14] Yunbo Jiang, Huanhuan Li, Ye Tao, Runfeng Chen, Wei Huang. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Polymers and Applications in Organic Light Emitting Devices [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(8): 1116-1128.
[15] Hao Zhang, Jing Liu, Kun Cui, Tao Jiang, Zhi Ma. Synthesis and Application of Guanidine-Based Antibacterial Polymers [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(5): 681-689.