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Progress in Chemistry 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (04): 696-704 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Advances in Liquid-Phase Microextraction

Wang Yan1* ;  Zhang Yongmei2   

  1. (1. Science Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;2. Applied Chemistry Department, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Wang Yan E-mail:wangy_msn@hotmail.com
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Liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is a newly developed miniaturized sample pretreatment technique. It integrates extraction, clean-up and concentration and has the advantages, such as, using less solvent, low cost, convenience, good accuracy and high sensitivity. In this paper the operation patterns of LPME, as well as their principles and features are comprehensively reviewed. The hyphenated methods related to LPME and their applicabilities are discussed. The main factors influencing LPME and the optimization methods are summarized and analyzed. And the research advances with further potentials in above aspects are emphasized, including the new dynamic LPME modes and apparatus, new strategies of combination use with other techniques, and using ionic liquids as solvents, etc. The recent applications of LPME in environment, medicine and food analysis are described in detail.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Basic extraction patterns and principles
2.1 Single-drop microextraction(SDME)
2.2 Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction(HF-LPME)
2.3 Continuous-flow microextraction(CFME)
2.4 Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME)
3 LPME coupled with other techniques
3.1 Coupled with derivatization
3.2 Coupled with pressured hot water extraction
3.3 Coupled with analytical instruments
4 Parameters affecting LPME
4.1 Effect of extraction solvent
4.2 Effect of extraction temperature
4.3 Effect of salt and pH
4.4 Effect of stirring speed
5 Application of LPME
5.1 Environmental analysis
5.2 Medicine analysis
5.3 Food analysis
6 Conclusion

Key words: liquid-phase microextraction, sample pretreatment, extraction techniques

CLC Number: 

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Abstract

Advances in Liquid-Phase Microextraction