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Progress in Chemistry 2007, Vol. 19 Issue (10): 1576-1584 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

The Electrochemical DNA Biosensor

Zhang Jiong;Wan Ying;Wang Lihua;Song Shiping**;Fan Chunhai**   

  1. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800,China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
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Sequence-specific detection of either genetically or pathogenically associated nucleic acids has become increasingly important for applications including point-of-care diagnostics, antiterrorism, environmental monitoring and forensic analysis. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop DNA detection methods with high sensitivity and selectivity, as well as speed, which has motivated the development of various optical, electronic and acoustic DNA biosensors. Because electrochemical detectors are inexpensive, portable and power-saving, electro-chemical DNA biosensors have been widely recognized to be a highly promising approach to detect clinical, envi-ronmental and security relevant nucleic acids, especially when time, money or resources are limited. The develop-ment of the research on electrochemical DNA biosensor, one of the most important branch of DNA biosensor, is reviewed here. A typical electrochemical DNA sensor involves an electrode and surface-confined capture probe DNA. Upon hybridization of the immobilized probes to the sequence-specific target DNA, redox labels that either intercalatively bind to the hybridized double-stranded DNA or are covalently tagged to DNA strands generate cor-responding electrochemical signals. The immobilization of DNA probes and electrochemical transduction of DNA hybridization were summarized .

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Abstract

The Electrochemical DNA Biosensor