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Progress in Chemistry 2022, Vol. 34 Issue (5): 1061-1075 DOI: 10.7536/PC210608 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Application of POMs-Based Sulfided Catalyst in Hydrodesulfurization and Hydrogen Evolution by Electrolysis of Water

Changle Yue1, Wenjing Bao1, Jilei Liang3, Yunqi Liu1, Daofeng Sun1,2, Yukun Lu1()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China),Qingdao 266580, China
    2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China),Qingdao 266580, China
    3. College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University,Taizhou 225300, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Yukun Lu
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21878336); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078227); Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China(ZR2018MB035); Applied Basic Research Projects of Qingdao(19-6-2-27-cg); State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(20CX02213A); State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(SKLOP201902005)
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Facing the challenge of severe environmental pollution caused by petroleum and the development of new energy, the desulfurization of petroleum fuels and sustainable clean alternative energy are regarded as important solutions. As a clean and sustainable energy carrier, hydrogen (H2) is considered one of the most promising alternatives to carbon fuels. Therefore, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and electrolysis of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are effective ways to solve the current energy and environmental problems caused by petroleum, and the development of high-efficiency and low-cost non-precious metal-based catalytic materials is a key step to achieve industrialization. Sulfided transition metals have high valence, unique crystal structure and thermal stability. Among them, MoS2 and WS2 are a type of band gap two-dimensional semiconductors with high planar carrier mobility and are used as non-noble metal sulfided catalysts representative material. It is worth noting that MoS2 and WS2 can realize HDS and HER processes at the same time. They not only serve as high-performance HDS catalysts to reduce the sulfur content of petroleum, but also shine in sustainable and clean green hydrogen production. Polyoxometalates (POMs), as a kind of inorganic nanoclusters with a clear structure composed of a variety of transition metals and oxygen atoms, are suitable precursors for preparing transition metal sulfided electrode materials. The sulfided catalyst can exhibit electrocatalytic performance close to that of noble metal-based catalysts, realizing green and efficient energy production and processing. Therefore, in recent years, sulfided catalysts prepared by POMs have become a research hotspot in green chemistry. This paper reviews the research progress of POMs-based sulfided catalysts in the HDS and HER fields, focusing on the working principles and interrelationships of the two types of processes. The catalytic mechanism, structural advantages and existing problems of POMs-based sulfided catalysts are summarized and discussed. Finally, some prospective of POMs-based sulfided catalysts for their application in those fields are proposed.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 HDS and HER

2.1 HDS

2.2 HER

3 HDS application of MS2 with POMs precursors

3.1 HDS catalysts based on Keggin-type POMs

3.2 HDS catalysts based on Anderson-type POMs

3.3 HDS catalysts based on Waugh-type POMs

3.4 HDS catalysts based on Strandberg-type POMs

3.5 HDS catalysts based on new type POMs

4 HER applications of MS2 with POMs precursors

4.1 HER catalysts based on MoS2

4.2 HER catalysts based on WS2

5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: polyoxometalates, hydrodesulfurization, hydrogen evolution reaction, MoS2, WS2, green energy, catalytic chemistry
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram (a) and STM picture (b, c) of the Co/Ni-doped MoS2 atomic sphere[11]. Copyright 2019, MDPI
Fig. 2 The morphology of MoS2 clusters and the morphology of Co-doped MoS2 clusters[27]. Copyright 2018, RightsLink
Scheme 1 Schematic diagram of the hydrodesulfurization of benzothiophene
Fig. 3 Volcano plot of Gibbs free energy of adsorbed atomic hydrogen for MoS2 nanoparticle and the pure metals[24]. Copyright 2007, RightsLink
Fig. 4 Primary and secondary structure of Keggin POMs[67]. Copyright 2013, RightsLink
Fig. 5 TEM images of (A) Ni3POW/Al2O3 pH = 7-S, (B) Ni3POW/Al2O3 pH = 9-S, (C) Ni4POW/Al2O3 pH = 7-S, (D) Ni4POW/Al2O3 pH = 9-S[72]. Copyright 2019, RightsLink
Fig. 6 (a) [XMo6O24H6]3-(Co2+,5H2O) heteropolyanion (X = Al or Co) label scheme. H2O1-5 form the Co1 coordination octahedron. H2Oa-g are the solvate water molecules represented with Mo-OH2 broken lines bonds shorter than 4 Å. Labels 1~24 stand for O or OH. (b) The eight equivalent heteropolyanion according to the Pcab symmetry, surrounded by the H2Oa-g hydration molecules (gray circles)[76]. Copyright 2004, RightsLink
Fig. 7 Structure of Waugh-type POMs NiMo9 and schematic diagram of Ni2+-N H 4 + exchange[79]. Copyright 2014, RightsLink
Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of the synthetic strategy for preparing HDS catalysts with P2Mo5 as precursor[81]. Copyright 2018, RightsLink
Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of synthesis and morphology of bimetallic sulfide M-Mo-S/CC (M = Co, Ni, Fe)[120]. Copyright 2018, RightsLink
Fig. 10 Schematic diagram of (a, b, c) POMs precursors and (d) preparation of the XO@1T-MoS2 nanosheets[122]. Copyright 2019, RightsLink
Fig. 11 Schematic preparation process of MoS2/N-RGO-T nanocomposite[124]. Copyright 2016, RightsLink
Fig. 12 Schematic preparation process of CoMoS/CC nanocomposite[127]. Copyright 2021, RightsLink
Fig. 13 Overall water splitting by use of O-CoMoS heteronanosheet arrays as the anode and cathode in alkaline solution[128]. Copyright 2018, RightsLink
Fig. 14 Left: ball model of a Mo/WS2 particle exposing both S-edge and Mo/W-edge. Right: differential free energies of hydrogen adsorption[36]. Copyright 2009, RightsLink
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