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Progress in Chemistry 2022, Vol. 34 Issue (4): 973-982 DOI: 10.7536/PC210429 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Post-Treatment Technology Improves Fuel Cell Catalyst Stability

Yangyang Liu1,2, Zigang Zhao1,2, Hao Sun3, Xianghui Meng3, Guangjie Shao1, Zhenbo Wang2,3()   

  1. 1 College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004, China
    2 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001, China
    3 Shandong ALLGRAND New Energy Technology Co., Ltd,Dezhou 253000, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Zhenbo Wang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673064); National Natural Science Foundation of China(51802059); National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905070); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075062); Heilongjiang Province “Hundred Million” Major Project of Engineering Science and Technology(2019ZX09A02); Shandong Taishan Industry Leading Talent Project(2017TSCYCX-33)
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Fuel cell is a kind of renewable new energy technology, which can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electric energy through the chemical reaction at the interface of electrode and electrolyte. Because energy conversion efficiency is high, no noise and pollution.Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most widely used fuel cells, but PEMFC still has some problems to be solved, such as high cost, low power density and poor catalyst stability. Therefore, to achieve the large-scale application of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, research and development of high activity and high stability catalyst is the top priority. In order to meet the requirements of high activity and high stability of fuel cell catalysts, this paper reviews the research progress and performance improvement methods of catalysts for fuel cells. The methods to improve the stability of fuel cell were discussed from the perspectives of active components and carrier. The performance of catalyst was improved by reducing the diameter of active component particles, preparing platinum particles with specific orientation surface, alloying platinum with transition metals and the modification of carrier also had a significant impact on the stability of catalyst. Finally, the future development direction of fuel cell catalysts and the main problems in practical application are proposed.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Fuel cell electrocatalyst

3 Post-processing technology

3.1 Active component angle improves stability

3.2 Carrier angle improves stability

4 Conclusion and prospect

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, noble metal catalyst, stability, active component, carrier
Fig. 1 TEM images of Pt3Ni (a) and Pt1.5Ni (b) aerogel,insets show the corresponding distributions of nanochain diameters[18];(c) schematic illustration of the revealed size-controlled growth mechanism of PtN i3[19]
Fig. 2 Schematic illustration of the selectively Pt facet exposure under different anodization voltages of (a) 1.5 V, (b) 1.7 V and (c) 2.2 V[29]
Fig. 3 (A) Plots of H2O2 yield and electron transfer numbers and (B) the corresponding Tafel plots of the Au33Pt67 sample and Pt/C catalyst[32];(C) schematic illustration of major states involved the synthesis of PtAu alloy through a microwave-assisted flash heating[34];(D) ORR polarization curves for Pt-Au/GNs (1:0.05) (a), Pt-Au/GNs (1:0.1) (b), Pt-Au/GNs (1:0.3) (c), Pt/GNs (1:0.6) (d), Pt/GNs (e) and PtRu/C-JM (f) at rotation rate of 1600 r/min, with the scan rate of 5 mV·s-1 in O2 saturated 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution[35]
Fig. 4 (a) The corrosion electrochemistry of PtNi alloy electrocatalysts during its catalytic ORR process[41];(b) illustrations of the synthesis of Au-Pt3Ni nanowires[44]
Fig. 5 Schematic illustration of the formation of FeSAs/PTF[51]
Fig. 6 Structures of Pt-Co rhombic dodecahedra[62]
Fig. 7 (a) Schematic diagram for preparation of PtFe-PtxFeyCezOj catalyst by microfluidic method[71];(b) schematic illustration of Pt/TiO2@CNT synthesis[73];(c) the fabrication process of Pt/TiO2-C catalysts[74]
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