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Progress in Chemistry 2019, Vol. 31 Issue (11): 1540-1549 DOI: 10.7536/PC190817 Previous Articles   Next Articles

Supramolecular Self-Assembly Applied for the Design of Drug Delivery Systems

Zi-Yue Xu, Yun-Chang Zhang, Jia-Le Lin, Hui Wang, Dan-Wei Zhang, Zhan-Ting Li**()   

  1. School of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Received: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Zhan-Ting Li
  • About author:
    ** E-mail:
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21890732); National Natural Science Foundation of China(21921003)
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Supramolecular self-assembly provides a new strategy for the development of drug delivery systems from molecular components. With non-covalent interactions as driving forces, supramolecular drug delivery systems(SDDSs) can realize precise component control at the molecular level, increased predictability of the self-assembled structures, tunable control of morphologies and sizes, controlled release of delivered drugs. In this review, we first concisely introduce the background for the design of SDDSs and then describe important advances in SDDS development that involves the applications of cyclodextrin, calixarene, pillararene and cucurbituril based on host-guest interactions. Following these popular design principles, we further present the applications of water-soluble supramolecular organic frameworks as SDDSs. Finally, the challenges that need to be addressed for the practical translation of SDDSs are discussed.

Key words: supramolecule, drug delivery, host-guest interaction, self-assembly, antitumor drugs
Fig. 1 Annual publications(from SciFinder: “drug delivery” + “supramolecular”, July 28, 2019)
Fig. 2 The formation of the cross-linked supramolecular polymer by CHBC-2 and HA-AD through the encapsulation of β-cyclodextrin toward adamantane and its loading of doxorubicin[64]. Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society
Fig. 3 Switch-controlled loading and release of DOX through light-triggered con-version between vesicles and nanoparticles formed by polymers P1 and P2[67]. Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry
Fig. 4 Illustration of the multivalent peptide recognition by the co-assembly of CD and CA amphiphiles[69]
Fig. 5 Illustration of the self-assembly of Calix-4 A into micelles and further formation of larger DNA complexes[71]
Fig. 6 Amphiphilic sulfonated calixarene SC4AH as “drug chaperone” to co-assemble with drugs to form delivery platform[78]
Fig. 7 Schematic illustration of the formation of supramolecular vesicles from WS6 and G and the pH-responsive mitoxantrone loading and release[90]. Copyright 2013 American Chemical Society
Fig. 8 Illustration of the formation of cationic vesicles by FCAP+ and their redox-responsive DOX/siRNA release[96]. Copyright 2014 John-Wiley
Fig. 9 Schematic representation of the complexation of oxaliplatin by CB[7] and controlled release through being replaced by spermine in tumor microenvironment[122]
Fig. 10 The structure of Polym-1, Polym-2 and Adam-3 and the formation of the ternary complex and supramolecular micelles between the two polymers and CB[8][123]. Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society
Fig. 11 The structure of acyclic cucurbiturils Acyclic CB-1, Acyclic CB-2 and Acyclic CB-3a-c and doxorubicin prodrug DOX-prodrug[125,126,127,128]
Fig. 12 Illustration of the formation of SOFs from tetrahedral building blocks T1 and CB[8] and their in situ loading of drugs[139]
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