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Progress in Chemistry 2020, Vol. 32 Issue (2/3): 320-330 DOI: 10.7536/PC190629 Previous Articles   Next Articles

Effects of Superhydrophobic Surface on Tribological Properties: Mechanism, Status and Prospects

Yonggang Guo**(), Yachao Zhu, Xin Zhang, Bingpeng Luo   

  1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
  • Received: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Yonggang Guo
  • About author:
    ** e-mail:
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(51775169); National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1404516); National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1604253); Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(162300410053); Training Program of Young Key Teachers in Henan University of Technology, Training Program of Young Key Teachers in Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(2016GGJS-067); Key Scientific Research Projects of Henan Colleges and Universities(17A430014); Henan Province Science and Technology Research Projects(142102210413)
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Due to its extreme non-wetting properties, superhydrophobic surface has a wide range of potential applications in the fields of drag reduction, wear resistance, anti-corrosion, anti-icing, self-cleaning, etc. Surface roughness and low surface free energy are the two determinants of forming superhydrophobic surface and the main reasons of excellent tribological properties of superhydrophobic surface. In this paper, the research on superhydrophobic surface in the field of tribology in recent years is summarized. Firstly, the related theories of the tribology of superhydrophobic surface are analyzed. Then the research status of superhydrophobic surface in the field of tribology is emphatically expounded, and the factors affecting the tribological properties of superhydrophobic surface and its mechanism are discussed. In addition, the tribological study of wear-resistant superhydrophobic surface and slippery liquid infused porous surface(SLIPS) are also analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward the focus and direction of tribology research on superhydrophobic surface. This review, which has important theoretical and practical significance for expanding the application field of superhydrophobic surface, aims to attract more scholars’ attention to the tribological study of superhydrophobic surface.

Key words: superhydrophobic, tribology, wear, wear resistance
Fig.1 Diagram of meniscus formation[45]
Fig.2 Contact between elastic medium and rough rigid plane[48]
Fig.3 The illustration of superhydrophobic surface that can reduce abrasive wear[49]
Fig.4 Wear morphologies of smooth samples and microstructural samples[53](The scales in the figure are all 100 μm)
Fig.5 Surface roughness measurement(a) and friction coefficient variation with silica concentration(b) of HIPS nanocomposite coating[55]
Fig.6 The friction coefficient curves of samples:(a) bare steel,(b) textured steel,(c) modified bare steel and(d) modified textured steel[57]
Fig.7 Friction coefficient curves of blank, grid microstructure and dot microstructure titanium alloy specimens in pure water lubrication(a) and sea water lubrication(b)[63]
Fig.8 SEM images(a),(b),(c) of PI/FG nanocomposite coating with FG content of 0, 50% and 100% after wear, and histogram of friction coefficient and wear rate of all coatings under oil lubrication conditions(d)[65]
Fig.9 The friction coefficient of tin bronze and bearing steel samples varies with loading(a, b) and sliding speed(c, d). Where, 1 representing smooth surface, 2, 3 and 4 representing surface whose ratio of microstructure diameter to the center distance of adjacent microstructures is 1∶3, 1∶2 and 1∶4, respectively[53]
Fig.10 The friction coefficient curve of superhydrophobic surface varying with time[66]
Fig.11 Wear morphology of magnesium alloy substrate(a), micro-arc oxide layer(b) and micro-arc oxide layer modified by self-assembled molecular film(c)[72]
Fig.12 Wear pattern(①, ②, ③) of smooth surface, grid surface and dot surface treated by three modification methods: untreated(a), low surface energy solution(b) and coated SiO2 (c)[73]
Fig.13 Schematic diagram of sandpaper wear test[77]
Fig.14 The superhydrophobicity of coated glass slides is verified by knife scratch test(b1~b8): pre-test(a1) and post-test(a2), and water contact angle diagram after each knife scratch test(c)[79]
Table 1 Experimental conditions commonly used for testing the tribological properties of superhydrophobic surfaces
Measurement methods FL/N FV/mm/s T/℃ RH/% ref
UMT 2/3/4 - 23~27 - 53
UMT 0.5 10 - 40 56
UMT 0.060 30 20~25 25~30 58
UMT 0.5 5 - - 59
UMT 3 10 - - 60
UMT 0.050 3 RT 40~45 64
UMT - 4 RT 40~50 66
UMT 0.98 25 25 - 75
UMT 3~15 0.01 - - 76
UMT - - RT 40~50 72
Wear test of 600 mesh sandpaper 1 10 - - 77
Wear test for 1000 mesh sandpaper 10 - RT - 74
Emery paper abrasion(800 mesh) 1 - - - 78
knife-scratch test 5 - - - 79
ball-on-flat micro tribometer 0.040 3 - - 71
HSR-2 M test machine 5 - RT 40~50 63
ball-on-plate configuration 0.1/0.5 - 20 40~50 70
Micro-Combi tester 1 - 20 40~50 55
Fig.15 Lotus leaf surface and schematic diagram of superhydrophobic surface(a) and pitcher grass leaf blade and schematic diagram of SLIPS(b)[81]
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