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Progress in Chemistry 2019, Vol. 31 Issue (8): 1136-1147 DOI: 10.7536/PC181218 Previous Articles   Next Articles

Preparation, Modification and Application of Carbon Materials Based on Ionic Liquids

Guobin Tong, Lei E, Zhou Xu, Chunhui Ma, Wei Li**(), Shouxin Liu**()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
  • Received: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Wei Li, Shouxin Liu
  • About author:
    ** E-mail: (Wei Li)
    (Shouxin Liu)
  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0601006); National Natural Science Foundation of China(31890773); National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570567); Central University Basic Research Expenses(2572017ET02)
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Nowadays, ionic liquids have attracted much attention due to their low melting point, wide liquid range, low vapor pressure, high thermal stability, high electrical conductivity, wide electrochemical window, designable structure, and affinity for many compounds. Ionic liquids have great potential in the field of carbon material preparation and modification. Ionic liquids can be directly used as a carbon source to prepare heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials by high-temperature carbonization; further, they can be used as a reaction medium and a porogen to convert biomass into porous carbon materials. In addition, ionic liquids can also be used for the modification of the porous carbon materials to prepare the carbon composite materials due to their good compatibility with the carbon materials. The ionic liquid-based carbon materials have considerable application value in the fields of electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, adsorption separation, biomedicine, and so on. Thus, in this paper, the latest research progress in the preparation and modification of ionic liquid-based carbon materials are summarized, with a focus on their applications in energy and environmental related fields.

Key words: ionic liquids, carbon materials, preparation, modification, supercapacitor, adsorption
Fig. 1 TGA curves measured on different ionic liquids:(A) a-BMIM-Tf2N; b-BMIM-tcm; c-EMIM-tcm; d-DMIM-tcm[71];(B) a-BMIM-Tf2N; b-BCNIM-Tf2N; c-BCNIM-beti; d-BCNIM-Cl[53]
Fig. 2 Structures and abbreviation of different ionic liquids used as carbon precursors
Fig. 3 Schematic carbonization mechanism of sugars[83]
Fig. 4 Schematic of ionothermal synthesis[61]
Fig. 5 (a) SEM images of solvent carbons. (b) TEM images of solvent carbons.(AN, BN, EG represent acetonitrile, benzonitrile, ethylene glycol, respectively)[89]
Fig. 6 Influence of the amount of KCl used in the KCl-ZnCl2 eutectic molten ionic liquids on the specific surface area, total and mesopore volume of the obtained samples[87]
Fig. 7 Schematic illustration for the synthesis of adenine derived NDCs obtained with MgCl2·6H2O as reaction medium[90]
Fig. 8 Schematic diagram for preparation of ionic liquid-carbon nanotube composites[100, 102]
Fig. 9 Schematic presentation for the functionalization of GO by IL and the fabrication of PVDF/GO-IL(PGL) composites[104]. TEM & AFM images of GO(a,c) and GO-IL(b,d)
Fig. 10 (a) N2 sorption data for HTC/ITC-JG-900 carbons;(b) CV graphs for HTC/ITC-JG-900 carbons at 50 mV/s in 6 M KOH;(c) Charge-discharge curves at 1 A/g;(d) Specific capacitance versus current density for HTC/ITC-JG-900 carbons[62]
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