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Progress in Chemistry 2019, Vol. 31 Issue (7): 1020-1030 DOI: 10.7536/PC181210 Previous Articles   Next Articles

Application of Graphene Quantum Dots in Energy Storage Devices

Le Gong1, Rong Yang1,**(), Rui Liu1, Liping Chen2, Yinglin Yan1, Zufei Feng1   

  1. 1.School of Science, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
    2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
  • Received: Online: Published:
  • Contact: Rong Yang
  • Supported by:
    International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China(2015DFR50350); National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702256); Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province(2017GY-160); Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2019TD-019)
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In term of new carbon-based material, graphene quantum dots(GQDs) are a boundless promising electrode material for energy storage devices due to their excellent properties of large specific surface area, high conductivity, excellent transparency and unique fluorescence characteristics. GQDs form composites with metal compounds or carbon material to construct three-dimensional spatial structures, which is conductive to electron diffusion and ion transport, greatly improving the practical application performance of GQDs as electrode materials. Furthermore, heteroatoms-doped GQDs can provide more active sites and enhance the utilization of active substance. Herein, The synthesis strategies of GQDs, which are mainly classified into top-down and bottom-up methods,are briefly introduced. The effects of various preparation methods on the particle size, surface defect sites and fluorescence characteristics of GQDs are also distinct. The applications of GQDs, doped GQDs and their composites in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, lithium ion batteries, solar cells and fuel cells in recent years, it is obvious that GQDs-based electrode materials with quantum confinement effect and boundary effect have great potential for new energy storage devices. The influence of distinctive space structure on electrochemical properties are analyzed. In addition, it is pointed out that the future development of GQDs is to find a rapid, green and environmentally-friendly method for mass synthesis of GQDs, uniform and effective doping or compounding and constructing a unique spatial structure of electrode materials, which can further improve the electrochemical performance in the applications of energy storage devices.

Key words: graphene quantum dots(GQDs), heteroatoms-doped, composites, energy storage devices
Fig. 1 Schematic demonstration of the top-down and bottom-up approaches for synthesis of GQDs[11]
Fig. 2 (a) Schematic diagrams of the synthesis processes of the CuCo2S4 nanosheets and the GQDs/CuCo2S4 nanocomposites grown on the Ni foam.(b) SEM image of the CuCo2S4 nanosheets.(c) SEM image of the GQD/CuCo2S4 nanocomposites[39]
Fig. 3 Schematic illustration of the mechanism of the G-GQDs EPD process[41]
Fig. 4 Schematic illustration of fabrication of N-GQDs@Fe3O4-HNTs and their charge and discharge processes[47]
Fig. 5 Distribution of N/O co-doped GQDs(blue sphere N, red sphere O, grey sphere C, white sphere H)[48]
Fig. 6 (a) Schematics of the fabrication process of GVG composite. The yellow basis represents the GF substrate. The green arrays represent VO2 nanoarrays, and the blue covering represents the GQDs.(b) The SEM, and(c) TEM images of GVG composites.(d) Cycling performance of GV and GVG at 60 C for 1500 cycles[51]
Fig. 7 The procedure for synthesis of PF-GQDs@SiNP[14]
Fig. 8 (a) The structure and(b) the magnified structure of GQDs-S/CB. Schematic configuration of(c) S/CB,(d) GQDs-S/CB employed as a cathode in Li-S batteries[13]
Fig. 9 Schematic illustration of the GQDs/Si heterojunction solar cell with(a)Au,(b)graphene film on top as the transparent electrode[64.65]
Fig. 10 Illustration of the preparation procedure for the BN-GQDs/G nanocomposite[72]
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