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Progress in Chemistry 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (10): 1560-1568 DOI: 10.7536/PC160632 Previous Articles   Next Articles

Bismuth and Bismuth Composite Photocatalysts

Zhang Xiaojing1,2, Liu Yang2, Zhang Qian2, Zhou Ying1,2*   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
    2. Shool of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51102245, 21403172), the Sichuan Science and Technology Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 2014JQ0017) and the Innovative Research Team of Sichuan Province (No. 2016TD0011)
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As a new type of photocatalyst, elemental bismuth has attracted wide attentions for energy conversion and environmental remediation. In this review, the photocatalytic mechanism of elemental Bi including photosensitization, photocatalysis and plasma resonance is discussed. In addition, the main preparation methods such as precipitation, solvothermal and electrochemical methods are described as well. Moreover, the influences of surface active agents, reaction temperature and pH values on the synthesis of bismuth particles are discussed in details. Generally, the optical properties of bismuth are strongly affected by its size and morphology, which is one of the key factors for photocatalytic applications. Besides, bismuth-semiconductor composites including Bi-titanium dioxide, Bi-bismuth oxides, Bi-zinc oxides and Bi-C3N4 are also reported as a kind of promising non-noble metal photocatalysts due to their enhanced oxygen vacancy density and increased photo-generated carriers mobility caused by the formation of heterojunction, which could be prepared by one-step hydrothermal process or reduction methods through polybasic alcohol or light irradiation. Furthermore, the narrowed band gap of the compound and the plasma resonance effect of bismuth are also demonstrated to be the reasons for the enhanced photocatalytic activities. Finally, on the basis of the above work, the development of Bi-semiconductor composite photocatalysts is discussed and the opinions on future trend are presented as well.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Bismuth photocatalyst
2.1 The photocatalytic mechanism of bismuth
2.2 The relationship among the size, morphology, absorption of bismuth
2.3 The preparation methods of bismuth
3 Bismuth composite photocatalysts
3.1 Bi-TiO2
3.2 Bi-bismuth oxides
3.3 Bi-other semiconductors
4 Conclusion

Key words: bismuth, photocatalysis, oxide semiconductor, plasma resonance

CLC Number: 

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