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Progress in Chemistry 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (06): 1021-1031 DOI: 10.7536/PC131043 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Epoxy-Based Electronic Materials Containing Nitrogen Heterocyclic Ring：Flame Retardancy

Zhang Xinghong*1, Min Yuqin1, Hua Zhengjiang2   

  1. 1. MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
    2. Technology Center of Ningbo Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Ningbo 315012, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province (No.2010C31036) and the Ningbo Science Foundation (No.2012A610171)

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Halogen-, phosphorous- and lead-free flame-retardant epoxy-based thermosets are environmental-friendly materials and expected to be applied to the electronic materials. Nitrogen heterocyclic ring is highly efficient flame-retardant with low toxicity and has been covalently introduced into the backbone of the epoxy polymers, but so far the structure of such nitrogen heterocyclic ring and its flame-retardant property for epoxy resin has not yet closely correlated. Based on our previous works in the field, this article summarizes recent research progress for synthesis and application of the flame retarded epoxy-based thermosets containing nitrogen heterocyclic ring, including triazine, isocyanurate, azo phthalazinone, imide, benzoxazine and hydantion rings, etc. The structure-property relationships of these systems are presented in detail. Generally, introducing nitrogen heterocyclic structures into epoxy resin systems by covalent bonding can maintain the overall performance while endow the flame retardancy to the final materials. Moreover, nitrogen heterocyclic structure can improve the thermal stability of the cured epoxy resins. As a result, epoxy resin containing nitrogen heterocyclic structures might be a good choice to obtain halogen-, phosphorous- and lead-free flame retardant epoxy-based electronic materials. However, it is still a big challenge to get flame-retardant epoxy-based thermosets just depending on nitrogen heterocyclic structure in these materials. Most of the reported systems had contained low content of phosphorous for bettering the flame retardancy. As a result, it is important to intensively understand the structure-property relationship of nitrogen heterocyclic ring-containing epoxy resin. Several methods are proposed for improving the flame retardancy of nitrogen heterocyclic ring-containing epoxy resin.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Triazine structure
2.1 Melamine modified phenol novolac
2.2 Tiazine ring introduced by sol-gel
3 Isocyanurate rings
4 Azo phthalazinone structures
5 Imide structures
6 Benzoxazine structures
7 Hydantion epoxy resins
8 Other nitrogen-containing structures
9 Conclusion

Key words: epoxy resin, flame retardant, nitrogen heterocyclic ring, halogen-free, lead-free, phosphorus-free

CLC Number: 

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