中文
Announcement
More
Progress in Chemistry 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (05): 737-748 DOI: 10.7536/PC130941 Previous Articles   Next Articles

• Review •

Immobilization of Metallocene Catalysts

Qi Meizhou, Fu Zhisheng, Fan Zhiqiang*   

  1. MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2012AA040305)

PDF ( 2330 ) Cited
Export

EndNote

Ris

BibTeX

Metallocene catalysts form a new generation of catalysts for olefin polymerization after Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Compared with multi-active site catalysts, this kind of single-site catalysts has higher polymerization activity and produces polyolefin with narrower molecular weight distribution and composition distribution. Immobilization of metallocene catalysts on solid supports is an important step toward its industrial application, as it can largely overcome the drawbacks of homogeneous catalysts in controlling nascent polymer morphology. The amount of alkylaluminoxane cocatalyst can also be reduced after immobilization. Thus, research on immobilization of metallocene catalysts is still active in recent years. This paper reviews the progress in immobilization of metallocene cataylsts in recent ten years with emphasis on the morphologies and modifications of supports, immobilization methods of metallocene catalysts, and applications of supported metallocene catalysts. The prospects and development trends on immobilization of metallocene catalysts are also discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Morphologies of supports
2.1 Spherical supports
2.2 Tubular supports
2.3 Rodlike supports
2.4 Sheet supports
2.5 Irregular supports
3 Modifications of supports
3.1 Treatment with alkylaluminoxanes
3.2 Treatment with aluminum alkyls
3.3 Treatment with oxides
3.4 Treatment with chlorides
3.5 Treatment with silane compounds
3.6 Treatment with other modifiers
4 Immobilization methods of metallocene catalysts
4.1 Immobilization of bi-components
4.2 Immobilization of single components
5 Applications of supported metallocene catalysts
5.1 Polyethylene composites
5.2 Polypropylene composites
6 Conclusion and outlook

CLC Number: 

[1] Resconi L, Cavallo L, Fait A, Piemontesi F. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1253.
[2] Chen E Y X, Marks T J. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1391.
[3] Coates G W. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1223.
[4] De Rosa C, Auriemma F. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2006, 31(2): 145.
[5] Alt H G, Koppl A. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1205.
[6] Wang B Q. Coord. Chem. Rev., 2006, 250(1): 242.
[7] Atiqullah M, Tinkl M, Pfaendner R, Akhtar M N, Hussain I. Polym. Rev., 2010, 50(2): 178.
[8] Tynys A, Saarinen T, Bartke M, Lofgren B. Polymer, 2007, 48(7): 1893.
[9] Bastos Q C, Marques M D F V. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2004, 43(2): 263.
[10] Hong S C, Mihan S, Lilge D, Delux L, Rief U. Polym. Eng. Sci., 2007, 47(2): 131.
[11] Hong D S, Lee K S, Cho J H, Song E K, Lee Y H, Lee B R, Kim S K. EP 2374822, 2011.
[12] Ahmadi M, Jamjah R, Nekoomanesh M, Zohuri G H, Arabi H. Macromol. React. Eng., 2007, 1(6): 604.
[13] Lu L, Fan H, Li B G, Zhu S. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2009, 48(18): 8349.
[14] Yamamoto K, Ishihama Y, Sakata K. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2010, 48(17): 3722.
[15] Alt H G. Dalton Trans., 2005, (20): 3271.
[16] De Freitas A J D, Dos Santos J H Z, Meneghetti S M P, Meneghetti M R. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2011, 119(5): 3051.
[17] Shan C L P, Soares J B P, Penlidis A. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2002, 40(24): 4426.
[18] Kumkaew P, Wu L, Praserthdam P, Wanke S. Polymer, 2003, 44(17): 4791.
[19] Kwon H J, Hwang S A, Lee D G, Park C Y. WO 2011111980, 2011.
[20] Tioni E, Monteil V, McKenna T. Macromolecules, 2012, 46(2): 335.
[21] Marques M D V, De Alcantara M. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2004, 42(1): 9.
[22] Czaja K, Bialek M, Utrata A. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2004, 42(10): 2512.
[23] Pothirat T, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Commun., 2008, 9(6): 1426.
[24] Covarrubias C, Quijada R, Rojas R. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2008, 347(2): 223.
[25] Campos J M, Lourenço J P, Fernandes A, Rego A M, Ribeiro M R. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2009, 310(1): 1.
[26] Hicks J C, Mullis B A, Jones C W. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007, 129(27): 8426.
[27] Jongsomjit B, Ngamposri S, Praserthdam P. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2005, 44(24): 9059.
[28] Fisch A G, Cardozo N S M, Secchi A R, Stedile F C, Livotto P R, De Sá D S, Da Rocha Z N, Dos Santos J H Z. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2009, 354(1): 88.
[29] Brambilla R, Radtke C, Stedile F C, Dos Santos J H Z, Miranda M S L. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2010, 382(1): 106.
[30] Carrero A, Van Grieken R, Paredes B. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2011, 120(1): 599.
[31] Wang W Q, Wang L, Wang J F, Wang J J, Ma Z L. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2005, 43(12): 2650.
[32] Wang W Q, Wang L, Dong X C, Sun T X, Wang J F. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 102(2): 1574.
[33] Chukanova O M, Saratovskikh S L, Babkina O N, Rishina L A, Nedorezova P M, Bravaya N M. Polym. Sci. Ser. A, 2003, 45(8): 747.
[34] Zhou J M, Li N H, Bu N Y, Lynch D T, Wanke S E. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2003, 90(5): 1319.
[35] Hammawa H, Mannan T M, Lynch D T, Wanke S E. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 92(6): 3549.
[36] Wu L, Zhou J M, Lynch D T, Wanke S E. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2005, 293: 180.
[37] Hammawa H, Wanke S E. Polym. Int., 2006, 55(4): 426.
[38] Hammawa H, Wanke S E. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007, 104(1): 514.
[39] Orass H, Akhlaq M, Atieh A R. US 7662894, 2010.
[40] Nenov N, Koch M, Klapper M, Müllen K. Polym. Bull., 2002, 47(5): 391.
[41] Lu J N, Toy P H. Chem. Rev., 2009, 109(2): 815.
[42] Schellenberg J. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2009, 34(8): 688.
[43] Choi Y, Soares J B P. Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2012, 90(3): 646.
[44] Kumkaew P, Wanke S, Praserthdam P, Danumah C, Kaliaguine S. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2003, 87(7): 1161.
[45] Silveira F, Petry C F, Pozebon D, Pergher S B, Detoni C, Stedile F C, Dos Santos J H Z. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2007, 333(1): 96.
[46] Li K T, Kao Y T. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 101(4): 2573.
[47] Li K T, Dai C L, Kuo C W. Catal. Commun., 2007, 8(8): 1209.
[48] Li K T, Dai C L, Li C Y. Polym. Bull., 2010, 64(8): 749.
[49] Severn J R, Chadwick J C, Duchateau R, Friederichs N. Chem. Rev., 2005, 105(11): 4073.
[50] Campos J M, Lourenço J P, Cramail H, Ribeiro M R. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2012, 37(12): 1764.
[51] Dong X C, Wang L, Wang W Q, Yu H J, Wang J F, Chen T, Zhao Z R. Eur. Polym. J., 2005, 41(4): 797.
[52] Silveira F, Alves M D M, Stedile F C, Pergher S B, Dos Santos J H Z. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2010, 315(2): 213.
[53] Dong X C, Wang L, Jiang G H, Zhao Z R, Sun T X, Yu H J, Wang W Q. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2005, 240(1/2): 239.
[54] Knoke S, Korber F, Fink G, Tesche B. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2003, 204(4): 607.
[55] Dong X C, Wang L, Zhou J F, Deng L B, Huo J, Zhang C L. J. Phys. Chem. B, 2006, 110(26): 13045.
[56] Horá D?ková B, Grof Z, Kosek J. Chem. Eng. Sci., 2007, 62(18): 5264.
[57] Tisse V F, Prades F, Briquel R, Boisson C, McKenna T F L. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2010, 211(1): 91.
[58] Severn J R, Chadwick J C. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2004, 25(10): 1024.
[59] Jang Y J, Naundorf C, Klapper M, Müllen K. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2005, 206(20): 2027.
[60] Shi L, Qin Y, Cheng W, Chen H, Tang T. Polymer, 2007, 48(9): 2481.
[61] Liu C B, Tang T, Huang B T. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2003, 41(7): 873.
[62] Lei J, Li D, Wang H, Wang Z, Zhou G. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2011, 49(6): 1503.
[63] Liu J G, Dong J Y, Cui N N, Hu Y L. Macromolecules, 2004, 37(17): 6275.
[64] Chen J F, Song J R, Wen L X, Zou H K, Shao L. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2007, 353(11): 1030.
[65] Qin Y X, Tang T, Zhao Z F, Huang B T. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2003, 41(21): 3313.
[66] Tritto I, Boggioni L, Ravasio A, Zampa C, Hitzbleck J, Okuda J, Bredeau S, Dubois P. Macromol. Symp., 2007, 260(1): 114.
[67] Bredeau S, Boggioni L, Bertini F, Tritto I, Monteverde F, Alexandre M, Dubois P. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2007, 28(7): 822.
[68] Li S Y, Chen H, Cui D M, Li J Z, Zhang Z J, Wang Y H, Tang T. Polym. Compos., 2010, 31(3): 507.
[69] Bonduel D, Bredeau S, Alexandre M, Monteverde F, Dubois P. J. Mater. Chem., 2007, 17(22): 2359.
[70] Hu Z, Liu C B, Wu Y L, Liu R H, He Y J, Luo S L. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Pol. Phys., 2011, 49(11): 812.
[71] Zapata P A, Quijada R, Lieberwirth I, Palza H. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2011, 407(1/2): 181.
[72] Covarrubias C, Quijada R. Catal. Commun., 2009, 10(6): 995.
[73] Dong X C, Wang L, Wang W Q, Jiang G H, Chen Y, Zhao Z R, Wang J J. Macromol. Mater. Eng., 2005, 290(1): 31.
[74] Dong X C, Wang L, Wang J J, Zhou J F, Sun T X. J. Phys. Chem. B, 2006, 110(18): 9100.
[75] Silveira F, Martins Alves M d C, Stedile F C, Pergher S B, Rigacci A, Zimnoch dos Santos J H. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2009, 298(1/2): 40.
[76] Li W, Adams A, Wang J D, Blümich B, Yang Y R. Polymer, 2010, 51(21): 4686.
[77] Wang Q, Zhou Z Y, Song L X, Xu H, Wang L. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2004, 42(1): 38.
[78] Guo C Y, Ke Y C, Liu Y X, Mi X, Zhang M G, Hu Y L. Polym. Int., 2009, 58(11): 1319.
[79] Liu C B, Tang T, Wang D, Huang B T. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2003, 41(14): 2187.
[80] Usuki A, Hasegawa N, Kato M. Adv. Polym. Sci., 2005, 179: 135.
[81] Ren C Y, Du X H, Ma L, Wang Y H, Zheng J, Tang T. Polymer, 2010, 51(15): 3416.
[82] Lee S Y, Kim S K, Nguyen T M, Chung J S, Lee S B, Choi K Y. Macromolecules, 2011, 44(6): 1385.
[83] Stürzel M, Kempe F, Thomann Y, Mark S, Enders M, Mülhaupt R. Macromolecules, 2012, 45(17): 6878.
[84] Hu Z, Liu C B. J. Polym. Res., 2013, 20(1): 1.
[85] Rauscher D J, Gauthier W J. US 20060154809, 2006.
[86] Barrera E G, Stedile F C, de Souza M O, Miranda M S L, de Souza R F, Bernardo-Gusmo K. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2013, 462/463: 1.
[87] Han J J, Yoon W J, Lee H W, Choi K Y. Polymer, 2008, 49(19): 4141.
[88] Van Grieken R, Carrero A, Suarez I, Paredes B. Eur. Polym. J., 2007, 43(4): 1267.
[89] Bianchini D, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Williams R J J, Fasce D P, Dell'Erba I E, Quijada R, Perez M. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2005, 43(22): 5465.
[90] García-Orozco I, Velilla T, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Williams R J J, Quijada R. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2010, 48(24): 5938.
[91] Yim J H, Ihm S K. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 102(3): 2293.
[92] Zapata P, Quijada R, Covarrubias C, Moncada E, Retuert J. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2009, 113(4): 2368.
[93] Chaichana E, Khaubunsongserm S, Praserthdam P, Jongsomjit B. Polym. Bull., 2011, 66(9): 1301.
[94] Fink G, Steinmetz B, Zechlin J, Przybyla C, Tesche B. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1377.
[95] Haag M C, Dupont J, Stedile F C, dos Santos J H Z. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 197(1/2): 223.
[96] Hlatky G G. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1347.
[97] Paavola S, Saarinen T, Lofgren B, Pitkanen P. Polymer, 2004, 45(7): 2099.
[98] Tannous K, Soares J B P. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2002, 203(13): 1895.
[99] Franceschini F C, Tavares T T D, Bianchini D, Alves M D M, Ferreira M L, dos Santos J H. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2009, 112(1): 563.
[100] Franceschini F C, Tavares T T D, Greco P P, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Soares J B P. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 95(5): 1050.
[101] Franceschini F C, Tavares T T D, Greco P P, Bianchini D, Stedile F C, Galland G B, dos Santos J H Z, Soares J B P. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 202(1/2): 127.
[102] Ochedzan-Siodak W, Nowakowska M. Eur. Polym. J., 2005, 41(5): 941.
[103] Cho H S, Lee W Y. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 191(2): 155.
[104] Ochdzan-Siodak W, Nowakowska M. Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40(4): 839.
[105] Babushkin D E, Panchenko V N, Timofeeva M N, Zakharov V A, Brintzinger H H. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2008, 209(12): 1210.
[106] Prades F, Broyer J P, Belaid I, Boyron O, Miserque O, Spitz R, Boisson C. ACS Catal., 2013, 3: 2288.
[107] Kim H G, Lee K S, Hong D S, Song E K, Jeon M S. EP 2623522, 2013.
[108] Jiamwijitkul S, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Iran. Polym. J., 2007, 16(8): 549.
[109] Campos J M, Ribeiro M R, Lourenço J P, Fernandes A. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 277(1): 93.
[110] Campos J M, Lourenço J P, Fernandes A, Ribeiro M R. Catal. Commun., 2008, 10(1): 71.
[111] Pothirat T, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Lett., 2008, 121(3/4): 266.
[112] Wannaborworn M, Praserthdam P, Jongsomjit B. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2011, 18(1): 373.
[113] Jongsomjit B, Ngamposri S, Praserthdam P. Catal. Lett., 2005, 100(3): 139.
[114] Chao C R, Pratchayawutthirat W, Praserthdam P, Shiono T, Rempel G L. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2002, 23(12): 672.
[115] Jantasee S, Shiono T, Jongsomjit B. Polym. Bull., 2013, 70(6): 1753.
[116] Jongsomjit B, Kaewkrajang P, Praserthdam P. Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40(12): 2813.
[117] Kaivalchatchawal P, Samingprai S, Shiono T, Praserthdam P, Jongsomjit B. Eur. Polym. J., 2012, 48(7): 1304.
[118] Alonso C, Antiolo A, Carrillo-Hermosilla F, Carrión P, Otero A, Sancho J, Villaseñor E. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2004, 220(2): 286.
[119] Pannier G, Boisson C, Spitz R. WO 2010127988, 2010
[120] Burkett S L, Soukasene S, Milton K L, Welch R, Little A J, Kasi R M, Coughlin E B. Chem. Mater., 2005, 17(10): 2716.
[121] Lee J S, Yim J H, Jeon J K, Ko Y S. Catal. Today, 2012, 185(1): 175.
[122] Britcher L, Rahiala H, Hakala K, Mikkola P, Rosenholm J B. Chem. Mater., 2004, 16(26): 5713.
[123] Liu C B, Tang T, Huang B T. J. Catal., 2004, 221(1): 162.
[124] Greco P P, Stedile F C, dos Santos J H Z. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 197(1): 233.
[125] Atiqullah M, Moman A A, Akhtar M N, Al-Muallem H A, Abu-Raqabah A H, Ahmed N. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007, 106(5): 3149.
[126] Akhtar M N, Atiqullah M, Moman A A, Abu-Raqabah A H, Ahmed N. Macromol. React. Eng., 2008, 2(4): 339.
[127] Turunen J P, Venlinen T, Suvanto S, Pakkanen T T. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2007, 45(17): 4002.
[128] Velilla T, Delgado K, Quijada R, Bianchini D, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Fasce D P, Williams R J J. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2007, 45(23): 5480.
[129] Heurtefeu B, Bouilhac C, Cloutet , Taton D, Deffieux A, Cramail H. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2011, 36(1): 89.
[130] Zheng X J, Smit M, Chadwick J C, Loos J. Macromolecules, 2005, 38(11): 4673.
[131] Simplício L M T, Costa F G, Boaventura J S, Sales E A, Brando S T. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2004, 216(1): 45.
[132] Makela-Vaarne N I, Nicholson D G, Ramstad A L. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 200(1/2): 323.
[133] Jongsomjit B, Kaewkrajang P, Shiono T, Praserthdam P. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2004, 43(24): 7959.
[134] Gauthier W, Rauscher D, Tian J, Williams N. US 20110112262, 2011.
[135] Bonduel D, Mainil M, Alexandre M, Monteverde F, Dubois P. Chem. Commun., 2005, (6): 781.
[136] Kaminsky W, Lemstra P J, Loos J, Muller F, Niemantsverdriet J W, Thune P C, Weingarten U. Israel. J. Chem., 2002, 42(4): 367.
[137] Shin D M, Pham V H, La K W, Song I K, Chung J S. Res. Chem. Intermediat., 2008, 34(8/9): 687.
[138] Carrero A, Van Grieken R, Suarez I, Paredes B. Polym. Eng. Sci., 2008, 48(3): 606.
[139] Smit M, Zheng X J, Loos J, Chadwick J C, Koning C E. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2006, 44(22): 6652.
[140] Zapata P A, Quijada R, Lieberwirth I, Benavente R. Macromol. React. Eng., 2011, 5(7/8): 294.
[141] Marques M D V, Conte A. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2002, 86(8): 2054.
[142] Marques M D V, Moreira S C. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 192(1/2): 93.
[143] Marques M D V, Beatriz A, Marinha A S. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2004, 42(12): 3038.
[144] Ye Z B, Zhu S P, Wang W J, Alsyouri H, Lin Y S. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Pol. Phys., 2003, 41(20): 2433.
[145] Fisch A G, Cardozo N S M, Secchi A R, Stedile F C, Da Silveira N P, Dos Santos J H Z. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2008, 354(33): 3973.
[146] Kasi R M, Coughlin E B. Organometallics, 2003, 22(7): 1534.
[147] Barrett A G M, de Miguel Y R. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58(19): 3785.
[148] Shearer A S, De Miguel Y R, Minich E A, Pochan D, Jenny C. Inorg. Chem. Commun., 2007, 10(3): 262.
[149] Turunen J P J, Pakkanen T T. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 263(1/2): 1.
[150] Bortolussi F, Broyer J P, Spitz R, Boisson C. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2002, 203(17): 2501.
[151] Zhang J, Jin G X. Inorg. Chem. Commun., 2006, 9(7): 683.
[152] Zhang J, Wang X, Jin G X. Coord. Chem. Rev., 2006, 250(1): 95.
[153] Wannaborworn M, Jongsomjit B. Iran. Polym. J., 2009, 18(12): 969.
[154] Trujillo M, Arnal M L, Müller A J, Laredo E, Bredeau S, Bonduel D, Dubois P. Macromolecules, 2007, 40(17): 6268.
[155] Schlögl M, Riethmueller S, Troll C, Möller M, Rieger B. Macromolecules, 2004, 37(11): 4004.
[156] Heurtefeu B, Merna J, Ibarboure E, Cloutet , Cramail H. Polym. Chem., 2010, 1(7): 1078.
[157] Choi Y Y, Lee K S, Lee S W, Chae H, Park C Y, Lee C H, Lee S J. WO 2006080817, 2006.
[158] Tullo A H. Chem. Eng. News, 2010, 88(42): 10.
[159] Yang K F, Huang Y J, Dong J Y. Polymer, 2007, 48(21): 6254.
[160] Fim F d C, Guterres J M, Basso N R S, Galland G B. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2010, 48(3): 692.
[161] Qin Y X, Tang T, Zhao Z F. Chem. Commun., 2004, (2): 222.
[162] Owpradit W, Jongsomjit B. Mater. Chem. Phys., 2008, 112(3): 954.
[163] Kaleel S H A, Bahuleyan B K, De S K, Khan M J, Sougrat R, Al-Harthi M A. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2012, 18(5): 1836.
[164] Jongsomjit B, Panpranot J, Okada M, Shiono T, Praserthdam P. Iran. Polym. J., 2006, 15(5): 433.
[165] Jongsomjit B, Panpranot J, Praserthdam P. Mater. Lett., 2007, 61(6): 1376.
[166] Desharun C, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Commun., 2008, 9(4): 522.
[167] Park S, Yoon S W, Choi H, Lee J S, Cho W K, Kim J, Park H J, Yun W S, Choi C H, Do Y. Chem. Mater., 2008, 20(14): 4588.
[168] Owpradit W, Mekasuwandumrong O, Panpranot J, Shotipruk A, Jongsomjit B. Polym. Bull., 2011, 66(4): 479.
[169] Hakim S, Safajou-Jahankhanemlou M, Zeynali M E. J. Polym. Res., 2013, 20(5): 1.
[170] Huang Y J, Yang K F, Dong J Y. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2006, 27(15): 1278.
[171] Jongsomjit B, Chaichana E, Praserthdam P. J. Mater. Sci., 2005, 40(8): 2043.
[172] Chaichana E, Pathomsap S, Mekasuwandumrong O, Panpranot J, Shotipruk A, Jongsomjit B. Chinese Sci. Bull., 2012, 57(17): 2177.
[173] Kou B, McAuley K B, Hsu C C, Bacon D W, Yao K Z. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2005, 44(8): 2443.
[174] Park H W, Chung J S, Baeck S H, Song I K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2006, 255(1): 69.
[175] Chaichana E, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Chem. Eng. Sci., 2007, 62(3): 899.
[176] Park H W, La K W, Chung J S, Song I K. Eur. Polym. J., 2007, 43(3): 870.
[177] Park H W, Chung J S, Lim S S, Song I K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 264(1): 202.
[178] Jongsomjit B, Ngamposri S, Praserthdam P. Molecules, 2005, 10(6): 672.
[179] Ketloy C, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2007, 327(2): 270.
[180] Wongwaiwattanakul P, Jongsomjit B. Catal. Commun., 2008, 10(1): 118.
[181] Bunchongturakarn S, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Commun., 2008, 9(5): 789.
[182] Guo N, DiBenedetto S A, Kwon D K, Wang L, Russell M T, Lanagan M T, Facchetti A, Marks T J. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007, 129(4): 766.
[183] Wiemann K, Kaminsky W, Gojny F H, Schulte K. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2005, 206(15): 1472.
[184] Bikiaris D. Materials, 2010, 3(4): 2884.
[185] Koval'chuk A A, Shchegolikhin A N, Shevchenko V G, Nedorezova P M, Klyamkina A N, Aladyshev A M. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(9): 3149.
[186] Koval'chuk A A, Shevchenko V G, Shchegolikhin A N, Nedorezova P M, Klyamkina A N, Aladyshev A M. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(20): 7536.
[187] Hwu J M, Jiang G J. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 95(5): 1228.hung J S, Lee S B, Choi K Y. Macromolecules, 2011, 44(6): 1385-1392
[83] Stürzel M, Kempe F, Thomann Y, Mark S, Enders M, Mülhaupt R. Macromolecules, 2012, 45(17): 6878-6887
[84] Hu Z, Liu C B. J. Polym. Res., 2013, 2Thomann Y, Mark S0(1): 1-8
[85] Rauscher D J, Gauthier W J. US 20060154809, 2006
[86] Barrera E G, Stedile F C, de Souza M O, Miranda M S L, de Souza R F, Bernardo-Gusmão K. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2013, 462-463: 1-7
[87] Han J J, Yoon W J, Lee H W, Choi K Y. Polymer, 2008, 49(19): 4141-4149
[88] Van Grieken R, Carrero A, Suarez I, Paredes B. Eur. Polym. J., 2007, 43(4): 1267-1277
[89] Bianchini D, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Williams R J J, Fasce D P, Dell'Erba I E, Quijada R, Perez M. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2005, 43(22): 5465-5476
[90] García‐Orozco I, Velilla T, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Williams R J J, Quijada R. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2010, 48(24): 5938-5944
[91] Yim J H, Ihm S K. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 102(3): 2293-2298
[92] Zapata P, Quijada R, Covarrubias C, Moncada E, Retuert J. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2009, 113(4): 2368-2377
[93] Chaichana E, Khaubunsongserm S, Praserthdam P, Jongsomjit B. Polym. Bull., 2011, 66(9): 1301-1312
[94] Fink G, Steinmetz B, Zechlin J, Przybyla C, Tesche B. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1377
[95] Haag M C, Dupont J, Stedile F C, dos Santos J H Z. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 197(1-2): 223-232
[96] Hlatky G G. Chem. Rev., 2000, 100(4): 1347-1376
[97] Paavola S, Saarinen T, Lofgren B, Pitkanen P. Polymer, 2004, 45(7): 2099-2110
[98] Tannous K, Soares J B P. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2002, 203(13): 1895-1905
[99] Franceschini F C, Tavares T T d R, Bianchini D, Alves M d C M, Ferreira M L, dos Santos J H. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2009, 112(1): 563-571
[100] Franceschini F C, Tavares T T D, Greco P P, Galland G B, dos Santos J H Z, Soares J B P. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 95(5): 1050-1055
[101] Franceschini F C, Tavares T T D, Greco P P, Bianchini D, Stedile F C, Galland G B, dos Santos J H Z, Soares J B P. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 202(1-2): 127-134
[102] Ochedzan-Siod?ak W, Nowakowska M. Eur. Polym. J., 2005, 41(5): 941-947
[103] Cho H S, Lee W Y. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 191(2): 155-165
[104] Och?dzan-Siod?ak W, Nowakowska M. Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40(4): 839-846
[105] Babushkin D E, Panchenko V N, Timofeeva M N, Zakharov V A, Brintzinger H H. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2008, 209(12): 1210-1219
[106] Prades F, Broyer J P, Belaid I, Boyron O, Miserque O, Spitz R, Boisson C. ACS Catal., 2013, 3: 2288-2293
[107] Kim H G, Lee K S, Hong D S, Song E K, Jeon M S. EP 2623522, 2013
[108] Jiamwijitkul S, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Iran. Polym. J., 2007, 16(8): 549-559
[109] Campos J M, Ribeiro M R, Lourenço J P, Fernandes A. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 277(1): 93-101
[110] Campos J M, Lourenço J P, Fernandes A, Ribeiro M R. Catal. Commun., 2008, 10(1): 71-73
[111] Pothirat T, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Lett., 2008, 121(3-4): 266-273
[112] Wannaborworn M, Praserthdam P, Jongsomjit B. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2011, 18(1): 373-377
[113] Jongsomjit B, Ngamposri S, Praserthdam P. Catal. Lett., 2005, 100(3): 139-146
[114] Chao C R, Pratchayawutthirat W, Praserthdam P, Shiono T, Rempel G L. Macromol. Rapid. Comm., 2002, 23(12): 672-675
[115] Jantasee S, Shiono T, Jongsomjit B. Polym. Bull., 2013, 70(6): 1753-1768
[116] Jongsomjit B, Kaewkrajang P, Praserthdam P. Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40(12): 2813-2817
[117] Kaivalchatchawal P, Samingprai S, Shiono T, Praserthdam P, Jongsomjit B. Eur. Polym. J., 2012, 48(7): 1304-1312
[118] Alonso C, Antiñolo A, Carrillo-Hermosilla F, Carrión P, Otero A, Sancho J, Villaseñor E. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2004, 220(2): 286-296
[119] Pannier G, Boisson C, Spitz R. WO 2010127988, 2010
[120] Burkett S L, Soukasene S, Milton K L, Welch R, Little A J, Kasi R M, Coughlin E B. Chem. Mater., 2005, 17(10): 2716-2723
[121] Lee J S, Yim J H, Jeon J K, Ko Y S. Catal. Today, 2012, 185(1): 175-182
[122] Britcher L, Rahiala H, Hakala K, Mikkola P, Rosenholm J B. Chem. Mater., 2004, 16(26): 5713-5720
[123] Liu C B, Tang T, Huang B T. J. Catal., 2004, 221(1): 162-169
[124] Greco P P, Stedile F C, dos Santos J H Z. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 197(1): 233-243
[125] Atiqullah M, Moman A A, Akhtar M N, Al‐Muallem H A, Abu‐Raqabah A H, Ahmed N. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007, 106(5): 3149-3157
[126] Akhtar M N, Atiqullah M, Moman A A, Abu‐Raqabah A H, Ahmed N. Macromol. React. Eng., 2008, 2(4): 339-349
[127] Turunen J P, Venäläinen T, Suvanto S, Pakkanen T T. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2007, 45(17): 4002-4012
[128] Velilla T, Delgado K, Quijada R, Bianchini D, Galland G B, Dos Santos J H Z, Fasce D P, Williams R J J. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2007, 45(23): 5480-5486
[129] Heurtefeu B, Bouilhac C, Cloutet É, Taton D, Deffieux A, Cramail H. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2011, 36(1): 89-126
[130] Zheng X J, Smit M, Chadwick J C, Loos J. Macromolecules, 2005, 38(11): 4673-4678
[131] Simplício L l M T, Costa F G, Boaventura J S, Sales E A, Brandão S T. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2004, 216(1): 45-50
[132] Makela-Vaarne N I, Nicholson D G, Ramstad A L. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 200(1-2): 323-332
[133] Jongsomjit B, Kaewkrajang P, Shiono T, Praserthdam P. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2004, 43(24): 7959-7963
[134] Gauthier W, Rauscher D, Tian J, Williams N. US 20110112262, 2011
[135] Bonduel D, Mainil M, Alexandre M, Monteverde F, Dubois P. Chem. Commun., 2005, (6): 781-783
[136] Kaminsky W, Lemstra P J, Loos J, Muller F, Niemantsverdriet J W, Thune P C, Weingarten U. Israel. J. Chem., 2002, 42(4): 367-372
[137] Shin D M, Pham V H, La K W, Song I K, Chung J S. Res. Chem. Intermediat., 2008, 34(8-9): 687-691
[138] Carrero A, Van Grieken R, Suarez I, Paredes B. Polym. Eng. Sci., 2008, 48(3): 606-616
[139] Smit M, Zheng X J, Loos J, Chadwick J C, Koning C E. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2006, 44(22): 6652-6657
[140] Zapata P A, Quijada R, Lieberwirth I, Benavente R. Macromol. React. Eng., 2011, 5(7-8): 294-302
[141] De Fátima V Marques M, Conte A. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2002, 86(8): 2054-2061
[142] Marques M D V, Moreira S C. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2003, 192(1-2): 93-101
[143] Marques M D V, Beatriz A, Marinha A S. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2004, 42(12): 3038-3048
[144] Ye Z B, Zhu S P, Wang W J, Alsyouri H, Lin Y S. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Pol. Phys., 2003, 41(20): 2433-2443
[145] Fisch A G, Cardozo N S M, Secchi A R, Stedile F C, Silveira N P d, Santos J H Z d. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2008, 354(33): 3973-3979
[146] Kasi R M, Coughlin E B. Organometallics, 2003, 22(7): 1534-1539
[147] Barrett A G M, de Miguel Y R. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58(19): 3785-3792
[148] Shearer A S, De Miguel Y R, Minich E A, Pochan D, Jenny C. Inorg. Chem. Commun., 2007, 10(3): 262-264
[149] Turunen J P J, Pakkanen T T. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 263(1–2): 1-8
[150] Bortolussi F, Broyer J P, Spitz R, Boisson C. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2002, 203(17): 2501-2507
[151] Zhang J, Jin G X. Inorg. Chem. Commun., 2006, 9(7): 683-686
[152] Zhang J, Wang X, Jin G X. Coordin. Chem. Rev., 2006, 250(1): 95-109
[153] Wannaborworn M, Jongsomjit B. Iran. Polym. J., 2009, 18(12): 969-979
[154] Trujillo M, Arnal M L, Müller A J, Laredo E, St. Bredeau, Bonduel D, Dubois P. Macromolecules, 2007, 40(17): 6268-6276
[155] Schlögl M, Riethmueller S, Troll C, Möller M, Rieger B. Macromolecules, 2004, 37(11): 4004-4007
[156] Heurtefeu B, Merna J, Ibarboure E, Cloutet é, Cramail H. Polym. Chem., 2010, 1(7): 1078-1085
[157] Choi Y Y, Lee K S, Lee S W, Chae H, Park C Y, Lee C H, Lee S J. WO 2006080817, 2006
[158] Tullo A H. Chem. Eng. News, 2010, 88(42): 10-16
[159] Yang K F, Huang Y J, Dong J Y. Polymer, 2007, 48(21): 6254-6261
[160] Fim F d C, Guterres J M, Basso N R, Galland G B. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Pol. Chem., 2010, 48(3): 692-698
[161] Qin Y X, Tang T, Zhao Z F. Chem. Commun., 2004, (2): 222-223
[162] Owpradit W, Jongsomjit B. Mater. Chem. Phys., 2008, 112(3): 954-961
[163] SH A K, Bahuleyan B K, De S, Masihullah J, Sougrat R, Al-Harthi M A. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2012, 18(5): 1836-1840
[164] Jongsomjit B, Panpranot J, Okada M, Shiono T, Praserthdam P. Iran. Polym. J., 2006, 15(5): 433-439
[165] Jongsomjit B, Panpranot J, Praserthdam P. Mater. Lett., 2007, 61(6): 1376-1379
[166] Desharun C, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Commun., 2008, 9(4): 522-528
[167] Park S, Yoon S W, Choi H, Lee J S, Cho W K, Kim J, Park H J, Yun W S, Choi C H, Do Y. Chem. Mater., 2008, 20(14): 4588-4594
[168] Owpradit W, Mekasuwandumrong O, Panpranot J, Shotipruk A, Jongsomjit B. Polym. Bull., 2011, 66(4): 479-490
[169] Hakim S, Safajou-Jahankhanemlou M, Zeynali M E. J. Polym. Res., 2013, 20(5): 1-10
[170] Huang Y J, Yang K F, Dong J Y. Macromol. Rapid. Comm., 2006, 27(15): 1278-1283
[171] Jongsomjit B, Chaichana E, Praserthdam P. J. Mater. Sci., 2005, 40(8): 2043-2045
[172] Chaichana E, Pathomsap S, Mekasuwandumrong O, Panpranot J, Shotipruk A, Jongsomjit B. Chinese. Sci. Bull., 2012, 57(17): 2177-2184
[173] Kou B, McAuley K B, Hsu C C, Bacon D W, Yao K Z. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2005, 44(8): 2443-2450
[174] Park H W, Chung J S, Baeck S H, Song I K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2006, 255(1): 69-73
[175] Chaichana E, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Chem. Eng. Sci., 2007, 62(3): 899-905
[176] Park H W, La K W, Chung J S, Song I K. Eur. Polym. J., 2007, 43(3): 870-876
[177] Park H W, Chung J S, Lim S S, Song I K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 264(1): 202-207
[178] Jongsomjit B, Ngamposri S, Praserthdam P. Molecules, 2005, 10(6): 672-678
[179] Ketloy C, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2007, 327(2): 270-277
[180] Wongwaiwattanakul P, Jongsomjit B. Catal. Commun., 2008, 10(1): 118-122
[181] Bunchongturakarn S, Jongsomjit B, Praserthdam P. Catal. Commun., 2008, 9(5): 789-795
[182] Guo N, DiBenedetto S A, Kwon D K, Wang L, Russell M T, Lanagan M T, Facchetti A, Marks T J. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007, 129(4): 766-767
[183] Wiemann K, Kaminsky W, Gojny F H, Schulte K. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2005, 206(15): 1472-1478
[184] Bikiaris D. Materials, 2010, 3(4): 2884-2946
[185] Koval’chuk A A, Shchegolikhin A N, Shevchenko V G, Nedorezova P M, Klyamkina A N, Aladyshev A M. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(9): 3149-3156
[186] Koval’chuk A A, Shevchenko V G, Shchegolikhin A N, Nedorezova P M, Klyamkina A N, Aladyshev A M. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(20): 7536-7542
[187] Hwu J M, Jiang G J. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 95(5): 1228-1236

 

[1] Chuxuan Yan, Qinglin Li, Zhengqi Gong, Yingzhi Chen, Luning Wang. Organic Semiconductor Nanostructured Photocatalysts [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(11): 1917-1934.
[2] Yena Feng, Shuhe Liu, Shubo Zhang, Tong Xue, Honglin Zhuang, Anchao Feng. Preparation of SiO2/Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2021, 33(11): 1953-1963.
[3] Chen Hou, Wenqiang Chen, Linhui Fu, Sufeng Zhang, Chen Liang. Covalent Organic Frameworks(COFs) Materials in Enzyme Immobilization and Mimic Enzymes [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(7): 895-905.
[4] Wanqiu Huang, Miaomiao Gao, Hongjing Dou. Polypyrrole and Its Nanocomposites Applied in Photothermal Therapy [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(4): 371-380.
[5] Yongjie Zhang, Mingshuai Fan, Xiaopei Li, Huayi Li, Shuwei Wang, Wenqin Zhu. Silicon-Containing Functionalized Polyolefin: Synthesis and Application [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(1): 84-92.
[6] Shengnan Zhang, Dongmei Han, Shan Ren, Min Xiao, Shuanjin Wang, Yuezhong Meng. Immobilization Strategies of Organic Electrode Materials [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2020, 32(1): 103-118.
[7] Huiya Wang, Limin Zhao, Fang Zhang, Dannong He. High-Performance Lithium-Ion Secondary Battery Membranes [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(9): 1251-1262.
[8] Shuzhang Qu, Taoyi Zhang, Wei Wang. Olefin Polymerization with Nitrogen-Coordinated Half-Metallocene Catalyst Systems [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(7): 929-938.
[9] Shifang Yuan, Yi Yan. Homonuclear Bimetallic Complex Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2019, 31(12): 1737-1748.
[10] Wenqiao Liu, Zhen Li, Chungu Xia. Preparation and Application of Acidic Ionic Liquid Hybrid Solid Catalytic Materials [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2018, 30(8): 1143-1160.
[11] Lu Jia, Jianzhong Ma, Dangge Gao, Bin Lv. Layered Double Hydroxides/Polymer Nanocomposites [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2018, 30(2/3): 295-303.
[12] Jie Guan, Lingna Sun, Qin Xu*, Xiaoya Hu*. Synthesis and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based on Titanium Dioxide and Its Composites [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2018, 30(11): 1749-1760.
[13] Jing Ru, Biyao Geng, Congcong Tong, Haiying Wang, Shengchun Wu, Hongzhi Liu. Nanocellulose-Based Adsorption Materials [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2017, 29(10): 1228-1251.
[14] Gao Dangge, Liang Zhiyang, Lyu Bin, Ma Jianzhong. Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposites Prepared by Miniemulsion Polymerization [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(7): 1076-1083.
[15] Zhang Yongjie, Li Huayi, Qu Minjie, Feng Na, Yang Wei, Zhang Chong. Well-Defined Polyolefin Graft Copolymers: Syntheses, Structures, and Properties [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(11): 1634-1647.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Immobilization of Metallocene Catalysts