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Progress in Chemistry 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (04): 553-559 DOI: 10.7536/PC130816 Previous Articles   Next Articles

Special Issue: 锂离子电池

• Review •

Research on the High-Voltage Electrolyte for Lithium Ion Batteries

Zhang Lingling, Ma Yulin, Du Chunyu, Yin Geping*   

  1. Institute of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
  • Received: Revised: Online: Published:
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China (No. 2012AA110203), National Science Foundation of China(No.51202047), Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund (No.LBH-Z11141) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.HIT.NSRIF.2011022)

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The research for high-voltage cathode materials is one of important way to develop high energy density of lithium ion batteries. Electrolyte is an essential part of lithium ion batteries, which affects the electrochemical behavior through the interface reactions with the electrodes and its Li+ ion diffusion characters. The conventional carbonate/LiPF6 electrolyte decomposes and tends to react with active cathode material when the voltage is higher than 4.5 V (vs Li/Li+), resulting in the poor performance. Therefore, searching for high-voltage electrolytes is essential to the realization of high-voltage lithium ion batteries. The progress on high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion batteries is reviewed in this paper. The draw back and challenge of high-voltage electrolyte are also illustrated. On the theory of designing for electrolyte solvent molecular, the performance of high-voltage electrolyte is evaluated from aspects of new solvent system electrolytes and carbonate-based electrolytes. New electrolytes based on nitrile, sulfone and ionic liquids as high-voltage electrolytes with their advantage and drawbacks are analyzed. The action mechanisms of different additives in the carbonate-based electrolytes are discussed. In addition, the application of theoretical calculation methods on high-voltage electrolyte is discussed, and the vision utilizing theoretical calculation in designing novel high-voltage electrolyte is prospected.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 New organic solvents
2.1 Nitrile-based solvents
2.2 Sulfone-based solvents
2.3 Ionic liquids
3 Carbonate solvents and additives
3.1 Electrochemically polymerized additives
3.2 Phosphine-based additives
3.3 Boron-based additives
3.4 Others
4 The application of theoretical calculation method on high-voltage electrolyte
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: lithium ion battery, high-voltage electrolyte, additive, theoretical calculation

CLC Number: 

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