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化学进展 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (11): 1781-1792 DOI: 10.7536/PC140739 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

单个量子点的光学性质与应用

石星波*1, 温超1, 符招弟2, 邓放明1, 郑舒1, 刘秋云1   

  1. 1. 湖南农业大学食品科技学院 食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室 长沙 410128;
    2. 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 分析检测中心 长沙 410012
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-01 修回日期:2014-08-01 出版日期:2014-11-15 发布日期:2014-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 石星波 E-mail:shixingbo123@aliyun.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 31301484)和湖南农业大学青年项目(12YJ09)资助

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Photo Properties and Applications of Single Quantum Dots

Shi Xingbo*1, Wen Chao1, Fu Zhaodi2, Deng Fangming1, Zheng Shu1, Liu Qiuyun1   

  1. 1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
    2. Analytical Testing Laboratory, Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy CO., LTD., Changsha 410012, China
  • Received:2014-07-01 Revised:2014-08-01 Online:2014-11-15 Published:2014-09-12
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31301484) and the Youth Foundation of Hunan Agricultural University(12YJ09)

量子点(QDs)是一种具有诸多优良光学特性的荧光纳米颗粒,已在化学分析、生物传感、分子影像等领域得到了广泛应用.单个量子点的光学性质研究有望发现一些宏观方法不能发现的实验现象,可以为改善其光学性能提供思路,有助于更好的应用于各领域.本文评述了单个量子点的检测与判定方法,单个量子点的荧光增强、漂白、眨眼(blinking)、蓝移等光学性质及其在单分子示踪、生物化学传感、超分辨定位技术等方面的应用.总结了目前量子点作为荧光探针在实际应用中遇到的问题,并提出未来量子点将朝着合成能同时满足尺寸小、量子产率高、 "non-blinking"、蓝移幅度大、无生物毒性的量子点及能同时为成像/检测提供荧光探针与散射探针的等离子体量子点等研究方向发展.

关键词： 单个量子点, 荧光增强与漂白, 光谱蓝移, 生物传感, 超分辨定位, 单分子示踪

As novel fluorescent nanomaterials, quantum dots (QDs) have played important roles in many fields, such as chemical analysis, biology sensor, molecular imaging, owing to their excellent optical properties. Studies on the properties of single quantum dots can help to find new experimental phenomenology which can't be found in the ensemble-approach, provide a mentality to improve the properties of quantum dots, contribute to a better application of quantum dots in various fields. In this review, identifications criterion of single quantum dots, photo-properties (such as fluorescence enhancement, bleaching, blinking, bluing, etc.) of single quantum dots, and quantum dots application (such as single quantum dots tracking, single quantum dots biosensor, super-localization technology) at single nanoparticle levels are commented. The challenges and existing problems of application of single quantum dots are summarized. In the future, synthesis in quantum dots should simultaneously satisfy many excellent photo-properties, including small size, high quantum yield, non-blinking, lager blue shift range, no-biotoxicty. Meanwhile, plasmonic quantum dots that not only exhibit strong fluorescence, but also become excellent probes for surface plasmon scattering, are another significant research field.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Single molecule/nanoparticle detection
3 Photo-properties of single quantum dots
3.1 Fluorescence enhancement and bleaching
3.2 Blinking
3.3 Spectral blue shift
4 Application of quantum dots at single nanoparticle level
4.1 Single quantum dots tracking
4.2 Single quantum dots biosensor
4.3 Quantum dots in super-localization technology
4.4 Other application
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: single quantum dots, fluorescence enhancement and bleaching, spectral blue shift, biosensor, super-localization, single molecule tracking

中图分类号: 

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摘要

单个量子点的光学性质与应用