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化学进展 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (10): 2250-2256 前一篇   

• 综述与评论 •

辐射诱导合成水凝胶及其处理重金属废水的研究进展*

陈玉伟;王建龙**   

  1. (清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院环境技术研究室 北京 100084)
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-27 修回日期:2008-12-18 出版日期:2009-10-24 发布日期:2009-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 王建龙 E-mail:wangjl@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金

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The Radiation-Induced Synthesis of Hydrogels and Their Application for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

Chen Yuwei; Wang Jianlong**   

  1. (Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
  • Received:2008-10-27 Revised:2008-12-18 Online:2009-10-24 Published:2009-10-09
  • Contact: Wang Jianlong E-mail:wangjl@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China

水凝胶是一种经适度交联而具有三维网络结构的新型功能高分子材料。制备水凝胶因操作简单、无须添加交联剂和引发剂等优点而受到关注。传统的处理重金属废水的方法或成本较高，或效率低，利用水凝胶处理重金属废水成为一种新的颇具潜力的方法。本文综述了辐射法制备水凝胶及其在重金属吸附去除方面的研究进展包括材料的制备、改性、去除重金属性能等方面的研究进展，并指出了水凝胶去除重金属的发展前景和今后的研究方向。

关键词： 水凝胶, 交联聚合物, 辐射聚合, 重金属废水, 吸附

Hydrogels are cross-linked functional polymers with three-dimensional networks. Preparation of hydrogels by radiation-induced polymerization has received increasing attention in recent years due to easy process control, no necessity to add any initiators, crosslinkers, etc. Traditional processes for the treatment of heavy metal-containing wastewater encounter some disadvantages such as higher operational cost or low removal efficiency. It is a new promising method for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution using hydrogels. In this paper, recent advances in research on the radiation-induced synthesis of hydrogels and their application in the removal of heavy metals are reviewed including the preparation and modification of hydrogels and the performances of the adsorption of heavey metas. The perspects of this technology and the future directions are also proposed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Radiation-induced synthesis of hydrogels
2.1 Radiation-induced polymerization of solid polymers
2.2 Radiation-induced polymerization of aqueous solutions of polymers
2.3 Radiation treatment of monomers
2.4 Preparation of copolymer hydrogels by radiation treatment
3 Radiation-induced synthesis of hydrogels for the removal of heavy metal ions
3.1 Hydrogels based on synthetic polymers for the adsorption of heavy metals
3.2 Hydrogels based on natural polymers for the adsorption of heavy metals
3.3 Hydrogels loaded metal ions for the adsorption of heavy metals
3.4 Hydrogels loaded microorganisms for the adsorption of heavy metals
3.5 Desorption and recovery of heavy metals
4 Conclusion

Key words: hydrogels, cross-linked polymers, radiation-induced polymerization, heavy metal-containing wastewater, absorption

中图分类号: 

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