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化学进展 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (10): 2199-2204 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

亲二氧化碳碳氢聚合物及其应用*

陈可平;梁丽芸;谭必恩**   

  1. (华中科技大学化学与化工学院 材料化学与服役失效湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430074)
  • 收稿日期:2008-11-13 修回日期:2008-12-22 出版日期:2009-10-24 发布日期:2009-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 谭必恩 E-mail:bien.tan@mail.hust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金

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CO2-Philc Hydrocarbon Polymers and Their Applications

Chen Keping;    Liang Liyun ;   Tan Bien**   

  1. (Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ,Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China)
  • Received:2008-11-13 Revised:2008-12-22 Online:2009-10-24 Published:2009-10-09
  • Contact: Tan Bien E-mail:bien.tan@mail.hust.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China

超临界二氧化碳（scCO2）作为一种新型“绿色溶剂”，具有无毒、不可燃、易于分离以及来源丰富等特点，有望替代传统的挥发性有机溶剂。但scCO2是很弱的溶剂，大部分极性分子和高分子量聚合物在其中的溶解度都很低，限制了其工业应用。目前，应用scCO2遇到的一个挑战就是寻找有效的适用于scCO2的表面活性剂、配合物、相转移剂等。本文综述了亲二氧化碳聚合物的研究进展，从链段柔顺性和自由体积、溶质/溶质相互作用、溶质/CO2相互作用三个方面介绍了亲二氧化碳碳氢化合物的设计原则，并介绍了亲二氧化碳聚合物在制备表面活性剂、增溶染料和催化剂等方面的相关应用。

关键词： 超临界二氧化碳, 碳氢聚合物, 绿色溶剂

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is considered to be a new “green solvent”, because it is nontoxic, nonflammable, easy separation and readily available in high purity from a number of sources. scCO2 has been shown to be a promising alternative solvent for conventional volatile organic solvents. A significant technical barrier with using scCO2 is that it is a relatively weak solvent of important classes of materials which tend to exhibit low solubility in scCO2 including polar molecules and high-molecular weight polymers, which limites its industrial applications. Currently, in order to expand its applications, the discovery of inexpensive CO2-soluble materials or “CO2-philes” has been an important challenge. There has been considerable research effort focused on discovering inexpensive CO2-philic polymers from which inexpensive CO2-philic surfactants, ligands, and phase transfer agents could be developed. The present paper reviews the recent progress of CO2-philic polymers and their design principles based on the molecular characteristics (flexibility and free volume, weak self-interactions of solutes and powerful interactions between CO2 and solutes). And the applications of CO2-philic polymers such as surfactant preparation, solubilisation of catalysts and dyes will also be discussed.

Contents
1 Study of CO2-philic polymers
2 Design of CO2-philic hydrocarbon polymers
2.1 Flexibility and free volume
2.2 Weak self-interactions of solutes
2.3 Specific interactions between CO2 and solutes
3 Solubility measurements of CO2-philic polymers
3.1 Cloud pressure point curve
3.2 Parallel solubility measurement
4 Applications of CO2-philic polymers
4.1 Preparation of surfactants
4.2 Solubilizing agent
5 Prospects

Key words: supercritical carbon dioxide(ScCO2), hydrocarbon polymer, green solvents

中图分类号: 

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亲二氧化碳碳氢聚合物及其应用*