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化学进展 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (10): 2115-2122 前一篇   后一篇

所属专题： 锂离子电池

• 综述与评论 •

锂离子电池硅基复合物负极材料*

陈敬波; 赵海雷**;何见超; 王梦微   

  1. （北京科技大学材料学院 北京100083）
  • 收稿日期:2008-11-04 修回日期:2008-11-19 出版日期:2009-10-24 发布日期:2009-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 赵海雷 E-mail:hlzhao@mater.ustb.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    863项目

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Si-Based Composite Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Chen Jingbo;  Zhao Hailei**;   He Jianchao;  Wang Mengwei   

  1. (School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)
  • Received:2008-11-04 Revised:2008-11-19 Online:2009-10-24 Published:2009-10-09
  • Contact: Zhao Hailei E-mail:hlzhao@mater.ustb.edu.cn

作为颇有前途的锂离子电池负极材料，硅基材料的研究日益受到重视。硅基负极材料在充放电循环中体积变化过大导致的循环性能差、首次库仑效率低等始终是阻碍其商业化的主要问题。纳米化、合金化和碳包覆是有效的解决措施。本文详细论述了TiB2、TiN、TiC作为基质的硅-化合物复合物，Fe-Si、Cu-Si、Ni-Si体系的硅-金属复合物和硅-碳复合物的研究进展。在硅-碳复合物的研究上，综述了分别采用热解法、球磨法、球磨-热解法、化学聚合法合成，以聚吡咯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、间苯二酚-甲醛、柠檬酸、环氧树脂等为碳源的研究进展，同时也综述了Si/碳纳米管复合电极材料的研究情况。

关键词： Si基材料, 负极材料, 锂离子电池

As a kind of promising anode material for lithium ion batteries, silicon-based materials have been attracted much attention. The poor cycling stability due to the huge volume change during lithiation and delithiation and the low initial coulombic efficiency are the critical problems that limit their commercial application. Nanocrystallization, alloying and carbon-coating are effective measures to solve these issues. This article reviews the progress in silicon/compound composites in which TiB2, TiN and TiC act as the matrices, silicon-metal composites including Fe-Si, Cu-Si and Ni-Si, and silicon/carbon composites. In respect of the research on silicon/carbon composites, emphasis is put on the preparation methods like pyrolysis, milling, milling-pyrolysis and chemical polymerization, and the carbon sources such as polypyrrole, polyvinylchloride(PVC), polyacrylonitrile(PAN), resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, citric acid and epoxy resin. In addition, the progress in Si/carbon nanotubes composite materials is also discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Si-compound composites
3 Si-metal composites
3.1 Si-Fe composites
3.2 Si-Cu composites
3.3 Si-Ni composites
4 Si/C composites
4.1 Si/C composites prepared by pyrolysis
4.2 Si/C composites prepared by ball-milling
4.3 Si/C composites prepared by ball-milling and pyrolysis
4.4 Si/C composites prepared by other methods
4.5 Si/carbon nanotubes
5 Conclusions

Key words: Si-based materials, anode materials, lithium ion batteries

中图分类号: 

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摘要

锂离子电池硅基复合物负极材料*