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化学进展 2015, Vol. 27 Issue (11): 1665-1678 DOI: 10.7536/PC150401 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

功能化碳质材料的制备及其对水中重金属的去除

刘榆, 傅瑞琪, 楼子墨, 方文哲, 王卓行, 徐新华*   

  1. 浙江大学环境工程系 杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-01 修回日期:2015-06-01 出版日期:2015-11-15 发布日期:2015-09-18
  • 通讯作者: 徐新华 E-mail:xuxinhua@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.21477108,21277119)资助
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Preparation of Functional Carbon-Based Materials for Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution

Liu Yu, Fu Ruiqi, Lou Zimo, Fang Wenzhe, Wang Zhuoxing, Xu Xinhua*   

  1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • Received:2015-04-01 Revised:2015-06-01 Online:2015-11-15 Published:2015-09-18
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21477108, 21277119).
重金属污染是目前最为严峻的环境问题之一,我国的重金属污染问题尤为突出。活性炭、纳米碳管和石墨烯等环境友好型碳质材料由于其比表面积大,吸附能力强等优点而被应用于水中重金属的去除,而进行官能团功能化改性后其吸附效果可以明显提高。本文重点阐述了活性炭、纳米碳管、石墨烯及生物质炭等碳质材料的巯基化(-SH)、氨基化(-NH2)等功能化改性方法及其应用,考察了功能化碳质复合材料对水中重金属离子的去除效果和影响因素,最后展望了功能化碳质复合材料对水中重金属污染物去除研究的发展方向。
关键词： 碳质材料, 功能化, 重金属, 吸附
Heavy metals pollution has become an environmental and public health concern all over the world, especially in China. Activated carbon, carbon nano-tubes and graphene are used to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions due to their large surface area, high adsorption capacity and environmentally benign nature. Whereas, carbon-based materials assembled on functional groups possess excellent adsorption capacity for metal ions. In this study, the modification methods of activated carbon, carbon nano-tubes, graphene and biochar are reviewed, mainly including thiol-functionalization and amino-functionalization. The applications of functional carbon-based materials for heavy metal ions removal are also summarized. The removal efficiency and influential factors of heavy metal ions removal by different functionalized carbon-based materials are discussed in detail. In addition, the outlook and suggestion of heavy metal ions removal by functionalized carbon-based materials are presented.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of functional carbon-based materials for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution
2.1 Functional activated carbon
2.2 Functional graphene
2.3 Functional carbon nanotubes
2.4 Functional biochar
3 The influencing factors of heavy metal removal from water by functional carbon-based materials
3.1 The properties of composite materials
3.2 Environmental conditions
4 The application of functional carbon-based materials
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: carbon-based materials, functionalization, heavy metal ions, adsorption

中图分类号: 

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