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化学进展 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (0203): 297-306 前一篇   后一篇

• 环境化学专辑 •

大气持久性有机污染物（POPs）被动采样*

张干**;刘向   

  1. (中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室　广州510640)
  • 收稿日期:2008-12-03 出版日期:2009-03-24 发布日期:2009-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 张干 E-mail:zhanggan@gig.ac.cn
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Passive Atmospheric Sampling of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)

Zhang Gan**; Liu Xiang   

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry , Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510640 , China)
  • Received:2008-12-03 Online:2009-03-24 Published:2009-04-03
  • Contact: Zhang Gan E-mail:zhanggan@gig.ac.cn

大气是进行全球和区域持久性有机污染物（persistent organic pollutants，POPs）观测的良好介质。对《斯德哥尔摩公约》履约效力评估的需求，加速了大气POPs采样技术的研发与应用。大气POPs被动采样技术（passive atmospheric sampling，PAS）在近年来得到了飞速发展，日益成为大流量大气采样的重要补充手段，并显示出其在广大区域范围内实现大气POPs同步观测的优势。本文综述了大气PAS技术的基本原理，介绍、评价了几种主要大气PAS装置，重点分析了PUF-PAS的应用技术原理，介绍了大气PAS在全球各区域和不同研究领域的应用研究进展，分析了大气PAS研究领域的动态，提出了今后大气PAS研究中值得关注的研究内容和趋向。

关键词： 持久性有机污染物（POPs）, 被动采样技术, 应用技术原理, 区域同步观测

Atmosphere is regarded to be an effective environmental media for global monitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) at global/regional scale. The critical need for the effectiveness assessment of the regional implementation of Stockholm Convention has been facilitating the innovative development of atmospheric POPs sampling technology. Great progress has been made in the development and application of passive atmospheric sampling (PAS) technology in the last decade. And PAS is becoming more and more an effective complementary sampling technique for the conventional hi-volume atmospheric sampler, with its extraordinary advantage in synchronic monitoring of POPs in the atmosphere across vast territories. In this paper, we review and assess most of the reported PAS techniques, with particular emphasis on the application theory and technical considerations of the currently most popular polyurethane PAS. We then introduce the applications of PAS technology in monitoring POPs at glabal/regional scales in different parts of the world, as well as their use in different research areas such as human exposure assessment and environmental processes studies of POPs. We also analyzed the publication trend of PAS-related scientific papers during the last decade, and, as a conclusion, identified several important research topics and orientations related to further development and application of PAS technology.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Theory of passive atmospheric sampling (PAS)
3 Introduction and assessment of reported PAS techniques
3.1 Semipermeable membrane device(SPMD)
3.2 Polyurethane foam PAS(PUF-PAS)
3.3 Polymer-coated glass PAS(POG-PAS)
3.4 XAD resin-based PAS(XAD-PAS)
3.5 Polyethene PAS(PE-PAS)
3.6 Separative sampling of gaseous and particulate POPs
3.7 Directional PAS
4 Application theory of polyurethane foam PAS (PUF-PAS)
4.1 Calculation of sampling rate
4.2 Effect of temperature, wind speed and air particulate on sampling rate
4.3 Calibration of PAS and performance reference compounds(PRCs)
5 Progress in the application study of PAS
5.1 Long-term SPMD monitoring program along an UK/Norway background transect
5.2 Global atmospheric sampling project(GAPS)
5.3 Europe
5.4 North America and Latin Amecica
5.5 Asia and China
5.6 Microenvironments
5.7 Boundary layer and mountain/forest
5.8 Urban-rural transect
6 Research trend analysis and perspectives

Key words: persistent organic pollutants (POPs), passive atmospheric sampling (PAS), application theory, global and regional monitoring

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[1] 范洪涛 隋殿鹏 陈宏 董佳 臧淑艳 孙挺. 原位被动采样技术*[J]. 化学进展, 2010, 22(08): 1672-1678.