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化学进展 2021, Vol. 33 Issue (4): 555-567 DOI: 10.7536/PC200615 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述 •

微流控阻抗流式细胞仪在单细胞检测中的应用

冯迪1, 王广华1, 唐文来1,2,3,*(), 杨继全1   

  1. 1 南京师范大学电气与自动化工程学院 江苏省三维打印设备与制造重点实验室 南京 210023
    2 东南大学江苏省微纳生物医疗器械设计与制造重点实验室 南京 211189
    3 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院 南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-05 修回日期:2020-06-28 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2020-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 唐文来
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51805272); 江苏省重点研发计划(BE2018010); 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2020M671450); 江苏省博士后科研资助计划(2020Z042); 东南大学江苏省微纳生物医疗器械设计与制造重点实验室开放研究基金资助课题(KF202008); 江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(20KJA460004)
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Application of Microfluidic Impedance Cytometer in Single-Cell Detection

Di Feng1, Guanghua Wang1, Wenlai Tang1,2,3(), Jiquan Yang1   

  1. 1 School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
    3 Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2020-06-05 Revised:2020-06-28 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2020-11-30
  • Contact: Wenlai Tang
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51805272); the Key Technology R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2018010); the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671450); the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(2020Z042); the Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University(KF202008); the Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(20KJA460004)

单细胞水平的检测能够在细胞群中分辨出稀有的异常细胞,在生物医学领域如疾病的早期诊断和治疗评估等方面有着至关重要的作用。通过整合微流控技术、电阻抗技术与流式细胞术,微流控阻抗细胞仪能够在微流体精确操控条件下,实现流动态单细胞的连续、无损阻抗检测。与传统的单细胞检测方法相比,微流控阻抗细胞仪具有非标记、多参数、低污染和检测速度快等显著优势,为细胞的种类鉴别与状态监测提供了强有力的工具,因此近年来研究学者已成功开发出各式具有不同结构和功能的微流控阻抗细胞仪。本文首先介绍直流阻抗细胞仪、交流阻抗细胞仪以及形变阻抗细胞仪的工作原理和开发进展,随后讨论微流控阻抗细胞仪在血细胞、癌细胞和微生物等生物样品检测中的最新应用情况,并从集成化和微型化两方面阐述微流控阻抗细胞仪在临床即时检测中的应用前景,最后总结了现有微流控阻抗细胞仪存在的不足并探讨了该领域的未来发展趋势。

关键词： 单细胞, 微流控, 阻抗流式细胞仪, 非标记, 多参数

Single-cell level detection can distinguish rare abnormal cells from large cell populations, which plays a vital role in biomedical fields such as early diagnosis and treatment evaluation of diseases. By integrating microfluidics, electrical impedance spectroscopy and flow cytometry, the microfluidic impedance cytometer has attracted extensive attention, as it can realize non-destructive impedance detection of single cells in a continuous way with precise flow control. Compared with traditional single-cell detection methods, microfluidic impedance cytometer has significant advantages such as label-free, multi-parameters, low pollution and high throughput, providing a powerful tool for cell population identification and status monitoring. Therefore, various microfluidic impedance cytometers with different structures and functions have been successfully developed in recent years. In this review, we first summarize the working principles and recent developments of DC impedance cytometer, AC impedance cytometer and deformability impedance cytometer, and then focus on the latest applications of microfluidic impedance cytometer in the detection of biological samples such as blood cells, cancer cells and microorganisms. Later, the application prospect of microfluidic impedance cytometer in clinical real-time detection from the aspects of integration and miniaturization are also presented. Finally, the shortcomings of the existing microfluidic impedance cytometers and the future development trend in this field are discussed.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Microfluidic impedance cytometer

2.1 DC impedance cytometer

2.2 AC impedance cytometer

2.3 Deformability impedance cytometer

3 Applications in single-cell detection

3.1 Blood cells

3.2 Cancer cells

3.3 Bacteria

4 Applications in point-of-care testing

4.1 Chip integration

4.2 Chip miniaturization

5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: single-cell, microfluidics, impedance flow cytometer, label-free, multi-parameters
()
图1 具有不同特征的直流阻抗细胞仪:(a)具有双传感通道的库尔特计数器[49];(b)基于深度卷积神经网络的编码多路库尔特计数器工作流程图[51];(c)集成亲和捕获功能的微型库尔特计数器[54]
Fig.1 DC impedance cytometers with different characteristics.(a) Coulter counter including double sensing microchannels[49];(b) process workflow for code-multiplexed Coulter signals via deep convolutional neural networks[51];(c) micro-Coulter counter integrated with the affinity-based enrichment[54]
图2 具有不同特征的交流阻抗细胞仪:(a)细胞电阻抗检测的等效电路模型[56];(b)具有共面“接触”场金属电极的阻抗细胞仪[57];(c)用于细胞横向位置检测的微流控阻抗芯片[60];(d)用于神经网络多参数检测的微流控阻抗芯片及传感电路[62]
Fig.2 AC impedance cytometers with different characteristics.(a) equivalent circuit model of cell electrical impedance detection[56];(b) microfluidic impedance cytometer with coplanar ‘in-contact’ Field’s metal electrode [57];(c) microfluidic impedance cytometer for cross-sectional position detection of flowing particles/cells[60];(d) microfluidic impedance chip and the relevant wiring scheme for real-time multiparametric analysis via neural network approach[62]
图3 具有不同特种的形变阻抗细胞仪:(a)具有四个收缩传感通道的阻抗细胞仪[66];(b)具有自对准电极(金色)和收缩区域(透明)的阻抗细胞仪[67];(c)具有侧流道吸吮的微流控阻抗细胞仪[69]
Fig.3 Deformability impedance cytometers with different characteristics.(a) impedance cytometer containing four parallel sensing channels[66];(b) impedance cytometer with self-aligned electrodes(golden color) and contracted area(transparent color)[67];(c) microfluidic impedance platform with lateral aspiration[69]
图4 阻抗细胞仪在单细胞检测中的应用:(a)不同白细胞群的鉴别[78];(b)白细胞与红细胞的鉴别[82];(c)不同状态癌细胞的鉴别[65]
Fig.4 Applications of impedance cytometer in single-cell detection.(a) differentiation of different leukocyte populations[78];(b) differentiation of leucocytes and erythrocytes[82];(c) differentiation of breast cancer cells with different statuses[65]
图5 集成惯性分选与电阻抗检测的微流控分析系统[77]
Fig.5 Microfluidic analysis system integrated with inertial separation and impedance detection[77]
图6 阻抗检测系统的微型化:(a)基于柔性PCB的可穿戴式细胞检测系统[101];(b)手持式微电极阵列电阻抗检测系统[102];(c)便携式血细胞计数系统的移动数据接口[100]
Fig.6 Miniaturization of the impedance detection system(a) wearable cell detection system based on a flexible PCB[101];(b) portable impedance detection system based on a microelectrode array[102];(c) mobile data interface for portable blood cell counting system[104]
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