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化学进展 2020, Vol. 32 Issue (7): 882-894 DOI: 10.7536/PC191019 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述 •

刺激响应性聚合物微球的制备、性能及应用

穆蒙1,2, 宁学文1, 罗新杰1, 冯玉军1,**()   

  1. 1. 四川大学高分子研究所 高分子材料工程国家重点实验室 成都 610065
    2. 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-29 出版日期:2020-07-24 发布日期:2020-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 冯玉军
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21273223); 国家自然科学基金项目(U1762218)
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Fabrications, Properties, and Applications of Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Microspheres

Meng Mu1,2, Xuewen Ning1, Xinjie Luo1, Yujun Feng1,**()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
    2. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2019-10-29 Online:2020-07-24 Published:2020-07-10
  • Contact: Yujun Feng
  • About author:
    ** e-mail:
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21273223); National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1762218)

作为典型的软物质材料,聚合物微球因其独特的微尺度、扩散性、渗透性及可修饰性而广泛应用于催化、药物传输、生物传感、微反应器、化学分离以及涂层材料等领域。为满足苛刻应用环境对微球的性能要求,相继出现了各类环境响应性聚合物微球。针对近年来刺激响应性微球的研究进展,本文综述了聚合物响应性微球的制备策略及形貌,以及对温度、pH、磁场、离子强度、光和CO2敏感的响应性聚合物微球体系;并讨论了不同类型刺激响应微球的响应机理及应用,分析了其存在的不足,展望了其应用前景和发展方向。

关键词： 聚合物微球, 刺激响应, 制备方法, 粒子形貌, 应用

Polymer microspheres are considered to be the typical soft materials which are widely used in catalysis, drug delivery, biosensing, microreactors, chemical separation and coating fields because of their unique properties, such as the micro-scale, diffusion, penetration and ease of modification. In order to meet the requirement for use in hostile environments, stimuli-responsive microspheres whose properties significantly change in response to the minor variation of environmental conditions have been developed. This paper reviews the diverse fabrication strategies and morphologies of the responsive polymer microspheres which are sensitive to temperature, pH, magnetic field, ionic strength, light and CO2 stimulus, respectively. The relevant stimuli-response mechanisms, applications and the demerits of the responsive microspheres are summarized and discussed, then the potential applications and future prospects of the sensitive microspheres are also analyzed.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Stimuli-responsive Polymer Microspheres

2.1 Fabrication of polymer microspheres

2.2 Temperature-responsive polymer microspheres

2.3 pH-responsive polymer microspheres

2.4 Magnetic field-responsive polymer microspheres

2.5 Ionic strength-responsive polymer microspheres

2.6 Light-responsive polymer microspheres

2.7 CO2-responsive polymer microspheres

3 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: polymer microspheres, stimuli-responsive, fabrication strategies, particle morphology, applications
()
图1 不同形貌的聚合物微球
Fig.1 Schematic representation of polymer microspheres with diverse morphologies
表1 聚合物微球的不同制备方式
Table 1 The fabrication strategies for polymer microspheres
Fabrication protocols Preparation system Particle size ref
Emulsification-solvent evaporation Polymer, organic-solvent, water, stabilizer 10 nm~1 μm 41
Microfluidic method Polymer, microfluidic-device 11
Spray-drying Polymer, spraying-apparatus 42
Dialysis method Polymer, organic-solvent, water, dialysis membrane 43
Conventional emulsion polymerization Monomer, water, initiator, emulsifier 10 nm~1 μm 44
Soap-free emulsion polymerization Monomer, water, initiator 100 nm~1 μm 45
Microemulsion polymerization Monomer, emulsifier, stabilizer, initiator 5 ~50 nm 46
Miniemulsion polymerization Monomer, emulsifiers, stabilizer, initiator 50~500 nm 47
Seeded emulsion polymerization Monomer, seeds, emulsifiers, initiator ≥100 nm 48
Precipitation polymerization Monomer, initiator, stabilizer 100 nm~7 μm 49
Interfacial polymerization Water-soluble monomer, oil-soluble monomer, water, organic solvent 5~650 nm 50
图2 温度调控微球的催化性能转变;(a)和(b)为Au@PNIPAM Yolk微球的制备及其作为温度响应型催化剂的应用示意图;(c)不同温度的还原反应过程中,反应体系紫外吸收峰的变化[60]
Fig.2 The temperature-responsive change in the catalytic performance of microspheres. (a) and (b) represent the scheme for the fabrication of microspheres, and the catalytic performance of microspheres at different temperature, re-spectively; (c) The change in UV spectra of the reaction products during the reduction reaction, at different temper-atures[60]
图3 温度诱导荧光染料2,6-NDS的释放。(a)温度诱导(P2VPH+/S O 3 2 ? )-PNIPAM微球释放染料的示意图;(b)温度诱导微球分散性的变化;(c)不同温度下微球释放2,6-NDS的荧光光谱[62]
Fig.3 The temperature-induced release of the fluorescent dye loaded in particles. (a) Scheme for the temperature-induced release of 2,6-NDS loaded in (P2VPH+/S O 3 2 ? )-PNIPAM particles; (b) The change in dispersity of particles system in response to temperature; (c) The fluorescence spectra of 2,6-NDS released from particles at different temperatures[62]
图4 pH敏感微球用于调控Pickering乳液。(a)PTBAEMA微球的制备及pH响应示意图;(b)pH诱导的微球尺寸变化;(c)和(d)为pH调控Pickering乳液的形成及瓦解[68]
Fig.4 Fig.4 pH-sensitive microspheres used for regulating Pickering emulsion. (a) Scheme for the preparation and the pH response of PTBAEMA microspheres; (b) pH induced change in particle size; (c) and (d) represent pH regulated formation/breakup transition of Pickering emulsion[68]
图5 (a)微流控法制备磁响应微球示意图;(b)和(c)为外界磁场诱导空心球分散性的转变;(d)空心微球的磁化曲线[77]
Fig.5 (a)Schematic preparation of magnetic responsive microspheres via microfluidic protocol;(b) and(c) represent the magnetic responsive transition of microspheres dispersions;(d) the magnetization curves of hollow microspheres[77]
图6 CO2调控聚合物的乳化(a)响应性PS乳液的制备及CO2响应示意图;(b)CO2调控PS乳液的分散/团聚转变[100]
Fig.6 CO2-regulated emulsification of polymer materials. (a) Scheme for the fabrication and CO2-responsiveness of PS latex; (b) Snapshot of CO2-induced dispersion/precipitation transition of PS latex[100]
图7 CO2调控的选择性染料吸附及释放。(a)P(AM-DEAEMA)微球的制备。(b)CO2响应的染料吸附及释放[104]
Fig.7 The selective adsorption and release of dye, regulated by CO2. (a) Scheme for the fabrication of P(AM-DEAEMA) microspheres. (b) Scheme for the selective adsorption and release of dye in response to C O 2 [ 104 ]
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